None rero uri pastori kandi urifuza ko itorero ryawe rikura. Icyo ni icyifuzo rusange mu bapastori. Ariko se kubera iki ushaka ko itorero ryawe rikura? Uvugishije ukuri impamvu nyayo iri mu mutima wawe ni iyihe?
Mbese urashaka ko itorero ryawe rikura kugira ngo wumve ko wageze ku ntego? Urashaka kubahwa se ukumva ufite ijambo?Mbese urushaka kugira ububasha ku bantu? Urumva se ari bwo buryo washyikira ubutunzi?Izo zose ni impamvu zipfuye zo gushaka ko itorero ryawe rikura.
Niba ushaka ko itorero ryawe rikura kugira ngo Imana ihabwe icyubahiro uko ubugingo bw’abantu benshi bugenda buhindurwa n’Umwuka Wera, iyo rero ahubwo ni yo mpamvu nyayo yo kwifuza gukura kw’itorero ryawe.
Ariko kandi birashoboka ko twakwibeshya, tukibwira ko dusunitswe n’impamvu nziza kandi mu by’ukuri ari ukwishakira inyungu zacu bidukoresha.
Twamenya dute impamvu nyazo zidusunika?Twamenya dute niba koko dushaka kubaka ubwami bw’Imana cyangwa niba ari ubwami bwacu bwite dushaka kwiyubakira?
Uburyo bumwe ni ugusuzuma uko twakira mu mitima yacu gutera imbere kw’abandi bapastori. Niba twibwira ko duhagurukijwe n’impamvu nziza, tukumva rwose ko icyo duharanira ari ubwami bw’Imana n’uko itorero ryayo rikura, nyamara tukisangana ishyari mu mitima yacu igihe twumvise ko amatorero yandi yateye imbere, ibyo bigaragaza ko impamvu zituma twifuza gukura kw’itorero ryacu zidatunganye. Byerekana ko mu by’ukuri ikidushishikaje atari ugukura kw’itorero ry’Imana ahubwo ko ari ugukura kw’itorero ryacu. Ibyo se biterwa n’iki?Ni ukubera ko impamvu zidusunika zitaba ari izera rwose, niba atari n’ijana ku ijana nibura haba harimo igice kidatunganye kirimo kwikunda no kwishakira inyungu.
Dushobora na none kumenya impamvu zidusunika izo ari zo mu gusuzuma uko tubyifatamo mu mitima yacu igihe twumvise ko hari itorero rishya ryatangiye mu gace dutuyemo. Iyo twumvise bitubujije umutekano, icyo ni ikimenyetso cy’uko ikiduhangayitse ari ubwami bwacu aho kuba ubwami bw’Imana.
N’abapastori b’amatorero manini bashobora kwisuzuma bakoresheje ubu buryo. Abapastori nk’abo bashobora no kwibaza ibibazo bati, “Mbese njya ntekereza kuba natangiza andi matorero, nkaba narekura abantu b’ingirakamaro mu itorero ryanjye ngo bajye gutangiza ayo matorero, ku buryo bishobora gutera icyuho mu itorero rikagabanuka cyane?” Umupastori urwanya cyane bene icyo gitekerezo ashobora kuba arimo kwiyubakira itorero rye ku bw’icyubahiro cye bwite. (Ku rundi ruhande, umupastori w’itorero rinini ashobora gutangiza amatorero mashya ku bw’icyubahiro cye, kugira ngo gusa ashobore kwirata umubare w’amatorero yabyawe n’itorero rye.) Ikindi kibazo ashobora kwibaza ni nk’iki, “Mbese negerana n’abapastori b’amatorero mato cyangwa nabigije kure yanjye, numva ko mbarenze?” Cyangwa, “Mbese nakwemera gushumba itorero ryo mu rugo ry’abantu hagati ya cumi na babiri na makumyabiri, cyangwa ibyo byangora cyane nkumva binteye isoni?”[1]
Ibyo Gukura kw’Itorero
(The Church Growth Movement)
Mu nzu zigurishirizwamo ibitabo bya gikristo muri Amerika na Kanada, kenshi usanga hari ibihande byihariwe n’ibitabo bivuga ku gukura kw’itorero. Ibyo bitabo n’ibitekerezo bibikubiyemo byakwiriye hirya no hino mu isi.Abapastori bafite inzara yo kwiga ukuntu bakongera umubare w’abantu mu matorero yabo, nuko akenshi bakihutira kwakira inama zitanzwe n’abapastori b’amatorero rutūra(mega-church pastors) b’abanyamerika bagaragara ko bageze ku ntego bitewe n’ubunini bw’insengero zabo hamwe n’umubare w’abantu baza guterana ku cyumweru.
Nyamara abantu bisumbuyeho gato kugira ubushishozi, basanga ubwinshi bw’abaterana n’ubunini bw’urusengero atari byo bimenyetso byerekana urwego rwo guhindura abantu abigishwa.Amatorero amwe yo muri Amerika yakuze biturutse ku nyigisho ziteye isoni zigoreka ukuri kwa Bibiliya. Navuganye n’abapastori hirya no hino mu isi bababajwe no kumenya ko ibihumbi n’ibihumbi by’abapastori b’abanyamerika bizera kandi bakigisha ko iyo umuntu akijijwe biba birangiye adashobora kuzanyagwa agakiza ke, kabone n’ubwo yaba yizera ibintu bimeze bite cyangwa afite imyifatire imeze ite. Kandi abapastori benshi b’abanyamerika babwiriza ubutumwa bufunguye(nk’amata bashyizemo amazi) buvuga agakiza k’ubuntu kandi katavunanye, butuma abantu bibwira ko bashobora kuragwa ijuru batarinze gutunganya ingeso zabo. Undi mubare munini gato kurutaho ni uw’abapastori babwiriza ubutumwa bwo gukira, umuntu akagira amafaranga menshi, bagakongeza ingeso y’ubugugu abantu usanga gusenga kwabo cyangwa kubaha Imana kwabo ari uburyo bwo kwigwizaho imitungo yo babika hano mu isi. Abo ni abapastori bafite ubuhanga bwo gukuza itorero budakwiye rwose kwiganwa.
Ibyo bitabo bivuga ku gukura kw’itorero nanjye narabisomye ariko bintera urujijo. Ibyinshi birimo inama n’uburyo bw’imikorere umuntu yavuga ko ari ubwa Bibiliya, bigatuma umuntu yabisoma.Nyamara hafi ya byose bishingira ku myaka 1700 itorero-dini rimaze, aho gushingira ku rugero rw’itorero nk’uko Bibiliya irivuga. Bityo rero icyibandwaho cyane si ukubaka umubiri wa Kristo mu kugwiza abigishwa n’abahindura abandi abigishwa, ahubwo ni ukubaka amatorero-dini y’abantu ku giti cyabo akomeza gukenera iteka inyubako zirushijeho kuba nini, abakozi barushijeho kuba inzobere na za gahunda z’ubuhanga bwinshi, kandi ayo matorero-dini akagira imiterere nk’iy’ishyirahamwe/sosiyete y’ubucuruzi aho kuba umuryango.
Bumwe mu buryo bwo gukuza itorero bukoreshwa muri iki gihe busa n’ubuvuga ko, kugira ngo umuntu yongere umubare w’abantu gusa, amateraniro y’itorero agomba kugira ukuntu aryoshywa ku buryo bwakurura abantu badashaka gukurikira Yesu. Ubwo buryo bukavuga ko inyigisho/ikibwiriza kigomba kuba kigufi kandi hakaba harimo amagambo avuga ibintu byiza gusa, gusenga ariko abantu batagaragaza amarangamutima yabo, kutavuga na rimwe iby’amafaranga, n’ibindi.Ibi ntabwo bituma habaho guhindura abantu abigishwa biyanze kandi bumvira amategeko ya Kristo yose. Ahubwo icyo bibyara ni abantu bitwa ko ari abakristo ariko udashobora gutandukanya n’ab’isi kandi bari mu nzira ngari igana irimbukiro. Ubu ntabwo ari uburyo bw’Imana mu kwigarurira isi ahubwo ni uburyo bwa Satani mu kwigarurira itorero. Ntabwo ari “ugukura kw’itorero” ahubwo ni “ugukura kw’isi.”
Uburyo bwo Kwita ku Binezeza Abantu
(The Seeker-Sensitive Model)
Uburyo bw’abanyamerika bwo gukuza itorero bwamamaye ni ubwitwa “seeker-sensitive”(kumenya ibyo abaje guterana bishimira cyangwa ibyo banga).Muri ubu buryo, amateraniro yo ku cyumweru mu gitondo aba yateguwe mu buryo (1) abakristo bumva bisanzuye mu gutumira incuti zabo zidakijijwe, kandi (2) ku buryo abantu badakijijwe babwirwa ubutumwa mu magambo atabakomerekeje bashobora kwakira kandi bakayasobanukirwa.Amateraniro yo mu mibyizi n’amatsinda mato bigaharirwa inyigisho z’abakijijwe.
Hakoreshejwe ubu buryo, amatorero amwe yarakuze aba manini cyane. Mu matorero-dini yo muri Amerika, ayo ni yo afite ubushobozi bwinshi bwo kuba yabwiriza abantu ubutumwa bwiza akanabahindura abigishwa, baramutse babaye mu matsinda mato bose (akenshi ntibayajyamo) bakayatorezwamo kuba abigishwa, kandi ubutumwa bwiza buramutse bubwirijwe butagoretswe (buragorekwa iteka iyo intego ari ukugira ngo hatagira ubabara kuko ubutumwa bwiza nyabwo bukomeretsa ubwibone bwa kamere muntu). Nibura ariko aya matorero agendera ku kwifuza kw’imitima y’abaje guterana yashyizeho ingamba zo kubwiriza abadakijijwe, icyo ni ikintu amatorero-dini menshi atagira.
Ariko se iyo mikorere yo gushaka kugendera ku marangamutima y’abantu ihurira he n’uburyo bwa Bibiliya bwo gukura kw’itorero?
Mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa, intumwa n’ababwirizabutumwa bahamagawe n’Imana babwirizaga ubutumwa mu materaniro y’abantu benshi no mu Ngo, ibitangaza n’ibimenyetso bikagendana na bo kandi bigakora ku mitima y’abatizera. Abihanaga bakizera Umwami Yesu bashishikariraga inyigisho z’intumwa, iteka bagateranira mu Ngo ari na ho bigiraga Ijambo ry’Imana, bakahitoreza gukoresha impano z’Umwuka, bakizihiza Ifunguro Ryera, bagasengera hamwe, n’ibindi, byose bigakorerwa munsi y’ubuyobozi bw’abakuru b’itorero/abashumba/abepisikopi. Abigisha n’abahanuzi bahamagawe n’Imana bazengurukaga amatorero. Buri mukristo wese yabwiraga incuti ze n’abaturanyi be ubutumwa bwiza.Nta nsengero zubakwaga ngo bidindize gukura kw’itorero kandi ngo bisahure umutungo w’ubwami bw’Imana wagakoreshejwe mu gukwiza ubutumwa bwiza no guhindura abantu abigishwa.Abakozi b’Imana batorezwaga vuba mu murimo nyirizina aho kubanza koherezwa mu maseminari n’amashuri ya Bibiliya. Ibi byose byatumaga itorero rikura cyane kandi mu gihe gito, kugeza ubwo abantu bose bafite imitima yiteguriye kwakira ubutumwa bwiza bo mu karere runaka bagereweho.
Tugereranije imikorere rero, ya yindi igendera ku bishimisha abantu ubusanzwe nta bimenyetso n’ibitangaza biyibamwo,bityo ikaba ibuzemo ubushobozi bw’Imana bukurura abantu kandi bukabemeza.Igendera cyane ku buryo busanzwe bwo kwamamaza no guhamagarira abantu kuza mu nzu runaka ngo baze bumve ubutumwa. Kuba intyoza n’ubuhanga mu kuvuga by’umuvugabutumwa n’ubushobozi bwe bwo kwemeza abantu ibyo ababwira ni bwo buryo bw’ibanze bukoreshwa.Bitandukanye cyane n’ibya Pawulo yandika ati, “N’ibyo navugaga nkabwiriza ntibyari amagambo y’ubwenge yo kwemeza abantu, ahubwo byari ibigaragaza Umwuka n’imbaraga, kugira ngo kwizera kwanyu kudahagararira ku bwenge bw’abantu, ahubwo mu mbaraga z’Imana” (1 Cor. 2:4-5).
Andi Matandukaniro
(More Differences)
Ayo madini akoresha ubwo buryo bugendera ku marangamutima y’abantu ntagira intumwa n’ababwirizabutumwa, kuko uw’ingenzi uba akenewe ni pastori. Ikibazo: Mbese kwambura intumwa n’abavugabutumwa umurimo wabo w’ivugabutumwa ukawuha abapastori ni bwo buryo bwo kugira ngo itorero rirusheho gukura cyane?[2]
Umupastori ugendera ku byo abantu bashaka abwiriza rimwe mu cyumweru mu materaniro yo ku cyumweru abakristo bagakangurirwa kuzana abadakijijwe. Ubwo rero, muri rusange twavuga ko ubutumwa bwiza bubwirizwa rimwe mu cyumweru bwumvwa n’abo abanyetorero bazanye. Abo bantu badakijijwe bagomba kuba bafite ubushake bwo kuza mu rusengero, kandi bagomba gutumirwa n’abanyetorero bafite ubushake bwo kubatumira kuza mu materaniro. Mu buryo bwa Bibiliya, intumwa n’abavugabutumwa bakomezaga kubwiriza muri rubanda no mu Ngo, kandi abizera bose babwiraga incuti zabo n’abaturanyi ubutumwa bwiza. Muri ubu buryo bwombi se, ni ubuhe butuma abantu badakijijwe bashobora kugerwaho cyane n’ubutumwa bwiza?
Uburyo bwita ku byo abantu bashaka bukenera ko habaho urusengero rwiza rugaragara ku buryo abakristo badaterwa ipfunwe no kurutumiramo incuti zabo zidakijijwe kandi izo ncuti zabo zidakijijwe na zo zikumva bitaziteye isoni kurugenderera. Ibi rero iteka bisaba kugira amafaranga ahagije. Mbere y’uko ubutumwa bwiza “bukwizwa,” hagomba kubanza kuboneka urusengero rugaragara. Muri Amerika urwo rusengero rugomba kuba ruri ahantu heza, akenshi hakaba ari ahantu hatuye abakire. Aho bitandukaniye, uburyo bwa Bibiliya ntibugombera urusengero cyangwa inyubako idasanzwe, ahantu hadasanzwe cyangwa ngo bisabe amafaranga. Gukwirakwiza ubutumwa bwiza ntibigarukira ku mubare w’abantu bashobora gukwira mu rusengero ku Cyumweru.
Na None Andi Matandukaniro
(Still More Differences)
Iyo umuntu agereranyije imikorere y’amatorero amwe muri ayo agendera ku bishimisha abantu n’imikorere ya Bibiliya, usanga ndetse hari n’andi matandukaniro menshi.
Mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe, intumwa n’abavugabutumwa bahamagariraga abantu kwihana, bakizera Umwami Yesu kandi bagahera ko babatizwa. Abantu bamaze gukizwa bagombaga guhinduka abigishwa ba Kristo, bakuzuza ibyo Yesu asaba umuntu ushaka kuba umwigishwa, nk’uko byanditse muri Luka 14:26-33 na Yohana 8:31-32. Batangiraga gukunda Yesu bakamurutisha byose, bakagendera mu ijambo rye, bakikorera imisaraba yabo, kandi n’ibyo batunze byose bakabyegurira Imana, bagahinduka ibisonga by’Imana bumva neza ko ibyo batunze byose babicungiye Imana.
Ubutumwa bubwirizwa muri ya matorero agendera ku bishimisha abantu butandukanye n’ubwo. Abanyabyaha babwirwa ukuntu Imana ibakunda cyane, ukuntu ishobora gukemura ibibazo byabo, n’uburyo bashobora gukizwa “bizeye Yesu nk’Umukiza.” Iyo bamaze gusenga isengesho rigufi “ryo gukizwa,” batigeze banabwirwa iby’ikiguzi umuntu atanga ku kuba umwigishwa, akenshi bizezwa ko bakijijwe rwose maze bakabasaba ko bajya mu itsinda ry’inyigisho kugira ngo batangire gukura muri Kristo. Iyo bagiye muri iryo tsinda (abenshi ni abatongera gukandagira mu rusengero), bakurikira inyigisho zibanda ku kunguka ubumenyi ku by’imyizerere yihariye y’itorero aho kwigishwa kumvira amategeko ya Kristo. Umusōzo w’iyi gahunda y’inyigisho z’ “ubwigishwa” ni igihe umukristo ashyize agatangira gutanga mu itorero kimwe mu icumi cy’amafaranga yinjiza (cyane cyane ayo mafaranga akoreshwa mu kwishyura inguzanyo zo kubaka cyangwa kugura amazu ziba zarafashwe ndetse no guhemba abakozi b’itorero batagaragara muri Bibiliya, ibyo byose bikaba intandaro y’imicungire mibi y’umutungo, bagashyigikira ibitarashyizweho n’Imana ahubwo bakaburizamo uburenganzira bw’ibyo Imana yashakaga ko bishyigikirwa) maze bigatuma yibwira ko na we “yatangiye umurimo w’Imana” igihe atangiye kugira uruhare mu gushyigikira itorero-dini ridafite aho rivugwa na hamwe muri Bibiliya.
Byagenda bite leta y’igihugu cyawe, bitewe n’uko ihangayikishijwe n’ibura ry’abasore biyemeza kujya mu gisirikare ku bushake, ifashe icyemezo cyo gukoresha amareshya- mugeni ikagendera ku bishimisha abantu (“seeker-sensitive”)? Ibaze batangiye gusezeranira abantu bose babona ko bashobora kwinjira mu gisirikare, bakababwira ko nibinjira nta kintu na kimwe bazakora–mbese imishahara yabo izaba ari nk’impano biherewe ku buntu, batayikoreye batanayikwiriye. Bakababwira ko mu gitondo bazajya babyukira igihe bashakiye. Ko bazajya bakora imyitozo ya gisirikare igihe babishakiye, ariko ko igihe bumvise batabishaka bashobora no kwirebera televiziyo aho kujya muri iyo myitozo. Bakababwira kandi ko intambara iramutse iteye bashobora guhitamo niba bajya ku rugamba cyangwa niba bakwigira ku kiyaga (beach) kwoga no kwishimisha. Ingaruka zaba izihe?
Nta gushidikanya abantu bakwirunda mu gisirikare! Ariko igisirikare nticyaba kikiri igisirikare, nticyaba kikibereye inshingano zacyo. Kandi uko ni ko bijya bigendera amatorero agendera ku bishimisha abantu. Kumanura urwego rw’amahame agenga abakristo ukoroshya cyane ibintu, bikurura abantu benshi cyane baza guterana ku Cyumweru, nyamara bituma kuba umwigishwa no kumvira biyoyōka. Ayo matorero agendera ku bishimisha abantu agerageza “kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza” ku Cyumweru hanyuma akigisha inyigisho zo “kuba umwigishwa” mu materaniro yo mu mibyizi birayagora kubwira abantu muri ayo materaniro yo mu mibyizi ko abigishwa ba Yesu ari bo bonyine bazajya mu ijuru. Icyo gihe abantu bakumva ko babwiwe ibinyoma mu materaniro yo ku Cyumweru mu gitondo. Ni yo mpamvu rero amatorero nk’ayo biba ngombwa ko no mu materaniro yo mu mibyizi (hagati mu cyumweru) abeshya abantu, akavuga ko kuba umwigishwa no kumvira ari ibintu umuntu akora abishatse atabishaka akarorēra aho kuba ibyangombwa bisabwa abagenzi bajya mu ijuru.[3]
Nta gushidikanya ko nsbanukiwe neza ko amatorero-dini amwe akoresha uburyo bwa Bibiliya usanga ayandi adakoresha. Uko biri kose, biragaragara neza ko imikorere ya Bibiliya ari yo ifite imbaraga cyane mu guhindura abantu benshi abigishwa no gutoza abahindura abandi abigishwa.
Kuki muri iki gihe imikorere ya Bibiliya idakurikizwa? Impamvu abantu bitwaza ni nyinshi cyane, ariko iyo ushishoje neza, igituma uburyo bwa Bibiliya budakurikizwa ni imigenzo, kutizera no kutumvira. Benshi bavuga ko uburyo bwa Bibiliya budashobora gukoreshwa mu isi y’iki gihe. Ariko ukuri ni uko muri iki gihe uburyo bwa Bibiliya burimo burakurikizwa hirya no hino mu isi. Urugero,gukura kw’itorero gutangaje mu Bushinwa mu myaka mirongo itanu ishize, nta yindi mpamvu atari uko abakristo bakurikije gusa imikorere ya Bibiliya.Mbese Imana yo mu Bushinwa si yo y’ahandi?
Ibi byose birashaka kuvuga ko abapastori bo mu bindi bihugu bagomba kuba maso bakitondera inyigisho zituruka mu itorero ry’Amerika zerekeranye n’uburyo bwo gukuza itorero zikwirakwizwa hirya no hino mu isi. Bakabaye bagera ku ntego kurushaho mu gusohoza umugambi wa Kristo wo guhindura abantu abigishwa baramutse bagendeye ku buryo bwa Bibiliya bwo gukura kw’itorero.
Inkurikizi/Ingaruka
(The Aftermath)
Icyo nabonye ni uko abenshi mu bashyigikiye inyigisho z’iki gihe ku gukura ku itorero ntaho bashobora guhurira n’abapastori bo ku rwego ruciriritse hirya no hino mu isi. Igice kinini cyane cy’abapastori gishumbye imikumbi itagera ku bantu ijana. Abenshi muri abo bapastori bacika intege nyuma yo kugerageza uburyo bw’ubuhanga bwo gukuza itorero bagasanga ntacyo bumaze cyangwa bukazana ingaruka mbi kandi ntako batagize ngo bubahirize ibisabwa byose.Nta n’umwe usa nk’aho ashaka kwemera ko hari ibintu byinshi abapastori badafite icyo bahinduraho bizitira gukura kw’amatorero yabo.Reka noneho turebe bimwe muri byo.
Icya mbere cy’ibanze, gukura kw’itorero bizitirwa n’umubare w’abaturage batuye agace itorero ririmo.Biragaragara cyane ko amatorero-dini manini cyane menshi abarizwa mu mijyi minini. Akenshi haba hari miliyoni z’abantu bashobora kubonamo abayoboke b’amatorero yabo.Nyamara niba umubare munini w’abantu, ari wo koko ugaragaza kugera ku ntego,noneho ubwo itorero ntiryapimirwa ku bunini bwaryo ahubwo ryapimirwa ku kureba niba ari abantu bangahe ku ijana by’abantu bose batuye ako gace. Muri ubwo buryo hari amatorero y’abantu icumi yageze ku ntego kurusha ay’abantu ibihumbi icumi. Itorero ry’abantu icumi mu mudugudu w’abantu mirongwitanu riba rikora neza ku buryo bugera ku ntego kurusha itorero ry’abantu ibihumbi icumi mu mujyi utuwe na miliyoni eshanu z’abantu. (Nyamara nta na rimwe abapastori bayobora amatorero y’abantu icumi bazigera bahabwa ijambo ngo bagire icyo bavuga mu nama yiga ku gukura kw’itorero.)
Inzitizi ya kabiri ku gukura kw’itorero
(A Second Limiting Factor to Church Growth)
Icya kabiri, gukura kw’itorero bizitirwa n’ukuntu abantu bafite imitima ikingukiye ubutumwa bwiza bamaze kugerwaho n’amatorero yose aba ari mu gace runaka.Mu gihe icyo ari cyo cyose, mu gace runaka haba hari abantu bafite imitima ikingukiye ubutumwa bwiza. Iyo abo bose rero bamaze kugerwaho, nta torero riba rigikura, keretse gusa abakristo bagenda bava mu itorero rimwe bajya mu rindi (kandi uko ni ko amatorero menshi manini yagiye akura–atwara abakristo bo mu yandi matorero yo mu turere atuyemo).
Na none birumvikana ko buri mukristo wese hari igihe yigeze kuba adafite umutima wo kwakira ubutumwa bwiza, ariko igihe kikagera akagira umutima woroshye bitewe n’umurimo Umwuka Wera amukozemo. Bityo rero, birashoboka cyane ko abantu ubu bafite imitima yinangiye bazahinduka bakagira imitima yoroheye ubutumwa bwiza. Iyo bahindutse,amatorero ashobora gukura. Icyo kenshi dukunze kwita “ububyutse” kiba igihe ba bandi benshi batakiraga ubutumwa bwiza bagize batya mu kanya gato abagahinduka abantu bafite imitima yakira ubutumwa bwiza. Nyamara kandi ntidukwiye kwibagirwa ko n’umuntu umwe uhindutse akagira umutima wakira na byo ari ububyutse, gusa ku rwego rwo hasi.Buri bubyutse bukomeye butangirira ku muntu umwe uhinduka akagira umutima wakira ubutumwa bwiza.Nuko rero bapastori, ntimugasuzugure amatangiriro mato.
Yesu yohereje abigishwa be kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza mu mijyi yari azi ko ituyemo abantu bafite imitima itakira, aho nta muntu n’umwe washoboraga kwihana (reba Luka 9:5). Nyamara n’ubwo byari bimeze bityo, Yesu yarabohereje ngo bajye kubwirizayo ubutumwa bwiza.Mbese abo bigishwa nta cyo bagezeho? Oya, n’ubwo nta bantu bahindutse (nta no gukura kw’itorero) nyamara bageze ku ntego, kuko bumviye Yesu.
N’ubu kandi Yesu aracyatuma abapastori mu byaro, mu midugudu, no mu mijyi aho azi ko agace k’abantu gato gusa k’abahatuye ari ko gashobora kwakira ubutumwa bwiza. Abapastori baragirana umurava imikumbi yabo mitoya, mu maso y’Imana baba ari abantu bageze ku ntego,n’ubwo baba bagaragara nk’abananiwe mu maso y’abantu bamwe b’inzobere mu byo gukura kw’itorero.
Abapastori bose aho bari hose bakwiye gusubizwamo intege n’uko, ku bw’imbabazi nyinshi z’Imana, no ku bwo gusubiza amasengesho yo kwinginga kw’abantu bayo, ikora umurimo mu bantu bafite imitima yinangiye bakagira imitima yoroshye. Igerageza guhindura abadakijijwe ikoreye mu mitima-nama yabo, mu byaremwe byayo, mu mibereho y’ubuzima bagenda banyuramo, mu bihano itanga, mu buhamya bufatika bw’uburyo abakristo babayeho, mu butumwa bwiza bubwirizwa,no mu kwemeza imitima yabo mu mbaraga z’Umwuka Wera.Nuko rero, pastori komera.Komeza kumvira, gusenga no kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza.Iteka mbere y’uko haba ububyutse bukomeye habanza kubaho inzara nyinshi yabwo. Kandi igihe cyose haba hari umuntu ufite inzozi z’ububyutse.Komeza urote!
Inzitizi ya Gatatu Ku Gukura Kw’Itorero
(A Third Limiting Factor to Church Growth)
Icya gatatu kiba inzitizi ku gukura kw’amatorero ni ubushobozi bwa pastori. Abenshi mu bapastori ntibagira ubushobozi buhagije bwo gushumba itorero rinini, kandi ibyo si amakosa yabo. Bivuga gusa ko nta mpano bafite yo gushyira kuri gahunda no kuyobora cyangwa ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo kubwiriza/kwigisha bikwiriye itorero rigari. Biragaragara neza ko abapastori nk’abo Imana iba itarabahamagariye kuyobora amatorero manini cyane, kandi baba bagomba gushumba amatorero aciriritse gusa cyangwa amatorero yo mu Ngo, atari ibyo baba bakoze amakosa.
Mperutse gusoma igitabo cyamamaye cyane kivuga ku buyobozi cyanditswe na pastori mukuru w’itorero rimwe mu manini cyane yo muri Amerika. Uko nakomezaga gusoma amapaji yujuje inararibonye ye mu nama agira abapastori b’iki gihe, igitekerezo cyakomezaga kunza mu mutwe cyari icyi: “Ntabwo arimo atubwira uko umuntu yaba umupastori–arimo aratubwira uko umuntu yaba umuyobozi mukuru wa sosiyete ikomeye.” Kandi nta yandi mahitamo umupastori w’itorero rutūra(mega-church) afite. Akeneye abakozi benshi bamufasha umurimo, kandi kuyobora abakozi bangana batyo ni umurimo ugusaba kuwiyegurira. Umwanditsi w’icyo gitabo nasomaga yari afite ubuhanga bwinshi nk’ubw’umuyobozi mukuru wa sosiyete ikomeye y’ubucuruzi. (Koko kandi mu gitabo cye kenshi yavugaga amagambo yavuzwe n’inzobere mu buyobozi bw’ibigo bikomeye by’ubucuruzi,inama batanga akaziha abapastori basoma icyo gitabo.) Ariko abenshi,ndetse niba atari hafi ya bose b’abasoma igitabo cye, nta buhanga n’ubushobozi mu kuyobora nk’ibye bafite.
Muri icyo gitabo nyine, umwanditsi yavugaga mu nkuru irambuye, uburyo mu kubaka itorero rye rinini cyane, incuro nyinshi yagiye akora amakosa akomeye cyane yashoboraga kumusenyera urugo cyangwa umurimo w’Imana akora.Ariko ku bw’ubuntu bw’Imana arabirokoka.Nyamara ibyo yavugaga yaciyemo, byanyibutsaga abandi bapastori benshi b’amatorero -dini, mu kugerageza gukura ngo bagere kuri urwo rwego umwanditsi yariho, byatumye bakora amakosa nk’ayo yakoze, ariko bo ibintu bikabacikana.Bamwe kubera kwitangira amatorero yabo byatumye babura abana babo cyangwa ingo zabo zigasenyuka.Abandi bagiye bata umutwe cyangwa bakagira ihahamuka ritewe n’uko inshingano zabarenze. Abandi ibyo bari biringiye birabura maze barazinukwa amaherezo bava no mu murimo rwose. Abandi benshi bararusimbutse, ariko ni icyo gusa umuntu yabivugaho nta kindi. Bakomeza kubaho ubuzima bwo kwiheba, bibaza niba icyo ari cyo gihembo cy’igitambo ndenga-kamere batanze.
Uko nasomaga icyo gitabo, byakomezaga gushimangira muri jye ubwenge itorer rya mbere ryakoresheje, aho utashoboraga gusanga ikintu na kimwe gisa n’amatorero-dini y’iki gihe, cyangwa umupastori uragiye umukumbi w’abantu barenga makumyabiri na batanu. Nk’uko nabivuze mu gice giheruka, abapastori benshi bibwira ko amatorero yabo ari mato cyane bari bakwiye kongera bagatekereza ku mirimo yabo bamurikiwe n’Ibyanditswe Byera.Niba bafite abantu mirongwitanu, mu by’ukuri amatorero yabo ahubwo yaba ari manini cyane bikabije. Niba harimo abayobozi bashoboye, baba bakwiye gusenga bakareba ukuntu barigabanyamo amatorero atatu yo mu rugo hanyuma bakagurisha urusengero,bagamije guhindura abantu abigishwa bakubaka ubwami bw’Imana mu buryo Imana ishaka.
Niba ibi byumvikana nk’ibikabije, nibura bakagombye gutangira gutoza abazaba abayobozi ejo, cyangwa bagatangira amatsinda mato, niba kandi basanzwe bafite amatsinda mato, amwe muri yo bayarekure bayahe umudendezo wo kuba amatorero yo mu rugo yigenga kugira ngo barebe uko bigenda.
Ubundi Buryo Bugezweho Bwo Gukura Kw’Itorero
(Other Modern Church-Growth Techniques)
Hari ubundi buryo bwamamaye muri iki gihe buvugwa ko ari ubwa ngombwa mu gukura kw’itorero hamwe na bwa bundi bwo kureba ibishimisha abantu. Ubwinshi muri ubwo buryo bundi bunyuranyije na Bibiliya ndetse bujya mu bwoko bw’ “intambara y’umwuka.” Iyo bamamaza ubwo buryo bakoresha imvugo ngo “gusenya ibihome,” “amasengesho y’urugamba”(warfare prayer) no “kumenya ikirere cy’aho uri” (spiritual mapping).
Imwe muri iyi mikorere turi buze kuyivugaho mu gice kindi kivuga ku ntambara y’umwuka.Muri macye, ariko na none, dushobora kwibaza igituma ubwo buryo butigeze bukoreshwa n’intumwa bwagirwa ubwa ngombwa cyane ku gukura kw’itorero muri iki gihe.
Ubwinshi mu buryo bwifashishwa mu gukura kw’itorero buturuka ku nararibonye y’abapastori bacye bavuga bati, “Nabigenje gutya na gutya,itorero ryanjye rirakura. Nuko rero nawe nukora uko nakoze,itorero ryawe nawe rizakura.” Nyamara ukuri ni uko, gukura kw’amatorero yabo ntaho byari bihuriye n’ibyo bintu bavuga ko bakoze, n’ubwo bo bibwiye ko ari cyo cyabiteye. Ibyo byagiye bigaragara kenshi ubwo abandi bapastori bakurikizaga izo nyigisho, bagakora neza neza ibyo abo bandi bakoze, ariko amatorero yabo aranga ntiyakura na gato.
Ushobora kumva umupastori uvuga ku gukura kw’itorero avuga ati, “Igihe twatangiye kuvugiriza induru abadayimoni mu mujyi wacu,ububyutse bwahise buturika mu itorero ryacu. Nuko rero mutangire kuvugiriza induru abadayimoni niba mushaka ko ububyutse buza mu itorero ryanyu.”
Ariko se kubera iki hagiye haba ububyutse bukomeye bwinshi hirya no hino mu isi muri iyi myaka 2,000 ishize y’amateka y’itorero kandi hatabayeho kuvugiriza induru abadayimoni mu mijyi?Ibyo byerekana ko, n’ubwo uwo mupastori yibwiye ko ububyutse bwazanywe no kuvugiriza abadayimoni induru, kwari ukwibeshya. Ahubwo ikigaragara ni uko, imitima y’abantu bo mu mujyi atuyemo yatangiye gukingukira ubutumwa bwiza, wenda ku bwo guhuriza hamwe amasengesho kw’itorero, noneho bigahurirana n’uko uwo mupastori yari aho abwiriza ubutumwa bwiza igihe imitima yabo yakingukaga. Akenshi cyane,gukura kw’itorero bituruka ku kuba ahantu hakwiye mu gihe gikwiye. ( Kandi Umwuka Wera adufasha kuba ahantu hakwiye no mu gihe gikwiye.)
Niba se kuvugiriza induru abadayimoni mu mijyi byarazanye ububyutse mu itorero ry’umupastori runaka, kuki nyuma y’igihe kirekire, bwa bubyutse bwagabanutse ndetse bukaza gushira, nk’uko iteka bijya bigenda?Niba kuvugiriza induru abadayimoni ari ryo banga, noneho dukomeje tukabavugiriza induru, abatuye umujyi bose bahindukirira Kristo. Ariko si ko bose bamuhindukirira.
Ukuri kurigaragaza iyo dufashe akanya gato gusa ko kubitekerezaho. Uburyo bumwe gusa bwa Bibiliya bwo gukura kw’itorero ni ugusenga, kubwiriza ubutumwa bwiza, kwigisha, guhindura abantu abigishwa, gufashwa n’Umwuka Wera, n’ibindi. Kandi n’ubwo buryo bwa Bibiliya ntibutanga icyizere cyo gukura kw’itorero, kuko Imana yaremye abantu ikabaha umudendezo wo guhitamo gukora ikibi cyangwa icyiza. Bashobora guhitamo kwihana cyangwa kutihana.Umuntu yavuga ko na Yesu hari ubwo gukuza itorero atabishoboraga nk’ubwo yagendereraga imijyi imwe n’imwe ikanga kwihana.
Ibi byose birashaka kuvuga ko tugomba gukoresha uburyo bwa Bibiliya gusa mu kubaka itorero. Ibindi byose ni uguta igihe. Ni imirimo y’ibiti, ibikenyeri, n’ibyatsi izakongorwa n’umuriro umunsi umwe kandi ikabura ingororano (reba 1 Kor. 3:12-15).
Kandi rero, intego ntikwiye kuba gukura kw’itorero mu bwinshi bw’abantu gusa, ahubwo ikwiye kuba guhindura abantu abigishwa, no guhimbaza Imana!
[1] Aha hari ikindi kintu cyiza cyo gukoresha uburyo bw’itorero ryo mur rugo–abapastori ntibarwanira kugira amatorero manini bitewe n’impamvu mbi kuko itorero ridashobora gukura kurenza ubunini bw’inzu riteraniramo.
[2] Iyi ni yo mpamvu ahanini muri iki gihe usanga abavugabutumwa benshi, abigisha, abahanuzi ndetse n’intumwa ari bo bashumbye amatorero. Imihamagaro myinshi ugasanga ntiri mu mwanya wayo cyangwa ntinagire umwanya mu mikorere y’itorero-dini, bityo abakozi b’imana badafite umuhamagaro w’ubupastori ugasanga ni bo bashumbye amatorero, bakabuza itorero umugisha mwinshi bakabereye abizera benshi mu buryo burushijeho kwaguka bw’umubiri wa Kristo baramutse bakurikije imikorere ya Bibiliya. Birasa nk’aho buri wese yahisemo kwiyubakira ubwami bwe mu buryo bw’itorero-dini, atitaye ku muhamagaro we nyakuri. Bitewe n’uko abapastori ngo bāba bafite uburenganzira ku bya cumi “by’abantu babo” , kandi amenshi muri ayo mafaranga y’ibyacumi ajya ku nyubako, abakozi b’Imana badafite umuhamagaro w’ubushumba bahitamo gushumba amatorero kugira gusa ngo bibonere amafaranga bashobora gukoresha mu mirimo bahamagariwe koko.
[3] Wibuke ko ibyo Yesu yasabye ko umwigishwa we nyakuri agomba kuba yujuje muri Luka 14:26-33 bitabwirwaga abantu bamaze gukizwa, nk’aho ababwira indi ntambwe ya kabiri bagomba gutera mu rugendo rwabo rw’umwuka. Ahubwo yabwiraga ibihumbi by’abantu bose bmwumvaga. Guhinduka umwigishwa we ni yo ntambwe yonyine ya mbere Yesu yasabaga, kandi iyo ni yo ntambwe yo gukizwa. Ibi bitandukanye n’ibyigishwa mu matorero menshi agendera ku bikurura abantu.