Abakristo benshi bazi yukw’igihe abantu bapfuye, baja mw’ijuru cank’i kuzimu. Si bose batahura yukw’ijuru atari co kibanza abagororotsi bazokwamamwo, kand’i kuzimu si co kibanza abagarariji bazokwamamwo ibihe bidashira.
Igihe uwizera Kristo yitavye Imana, impwemu/ubugingo bwiwe buja mw’ijuru ah’Imana iri (raba 2Kor. 5:6-8; Fil. 1:21-23; 1Tes. 4:14). Muri kazoza, Imana izorema ijuru n’isi nsha, kandi Yerusalemu nshasha izomanuka iva mw’ijuru (raba 2Pet. 3:13; Ivyah. 21:1-2). Ni ho abagororotsi bazoba ibihe bidashira.
Igihe abagabitanya bapfuye, baja i Hadesi, aho ni ho bazorindirira izuka ry’imibiri yabo. Umusi ushitse, bazohagarara imbere y’Imana ibacire urubanza bajugunywe mu kiyaga caka umuriro n’ibizuku, Gehinomu muri Bibiliya. Ibi ni vyo tugiye kwihweza twisunga ivyanditswe.
Igihe Umunyavyaha Apfuye (When the Unrighteous Die)
Kugira dutahure neza ibishikira umunyavyaha apfuye, twihweze amajambo atatu y’Igiheburayo n’Ikigiriki asobanura ibibanza bitandukanye. N’aho ivyo bibanza bitatu bitandukanye, Bibiliya ivyita kuzimu. Ivyo bibanza birazazanira cane abasomyi.
Ica mbere, ni ijambo ryo mw’Isezerano rya Kera ryasobanuwe Sheol.
Ijambo Sheol rivugwa incuro zirenga mirongwitandatu mw’Isezerano rya Kera. Risigura ikibanza kijamwo abagabitanya igihe bapfuye. Igihe Kora n’abamushigikiye kugarariza Mose mu bugaragwa, Imana yabahinishije kumirwa n’isi, bo n’ivyo batunze vyose. Ivyanditswe bivugako ngo:
Nuko bo n’ivyabo vyose bamanuka i kuzimu (Sheol); isi ibarengako, bararanduka, bazimangana mur’iryo shengero (Guh. 16:33, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro).
Muri kahise ka Isirayeli, Imana yaburiye Isirayeli ivugak’umuriro w’uburake bwayo waka gushika i kuzimu (Sheol):
Kuk’umuriro w’uburake bwanje udometswe, watse ugashika hasi i kuzimu (Sheol), ugatongora isi n’ivyeze kuri yo, ukadomeka amatanguriro y’imisozi (Gus. 32:22, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro).
Umwami Dawidi yavuze ati,
Abanyakibi bazosubizwa i kuzimu (Sheol), mbere n’amahanga yose yibagira Imana (Zab. 9:17, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro).
Kandi yasengeye abagabitanya asaba ati,
Urupfu rubazeko giturumbuka, bamanuke baje i kuzimu (Sheol) bakibona, kuko gukora ivyaha kuri mu ngo zabo no mu mutima wabo (Zab. 55:15, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro).
Mu guhanura imisore ihurumbira maraya, umunyabwe Salomo yanditse ati,
Inzu yiwe ni inzira ija i kuzimu (Sheol), imanuka irora i wabo w’urupfu (Sheol) (Imig. 7:27; 9:18, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro).
Salomo yanditse iyindi migani yerekanako umugororotsi adashobora kuja muri Sheol:
Ku munyabwenge inzira y’ubugingo iduga irora hejuru, kugira ngw’atandukane n’i kuzimu (Sheol) i bwina (Imig. 15:24, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro).
[Umwana wawe] uzumukubite inkoni, ni ho azokiza ubugingo bwiwe ntibuje i kuzimu (Sheol) (Imig. 23:14, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro)
Rero, mu gushigikira ivyo Yesu yavuze ku vy’i kuzimu, Yesaya yavugishijweko bazotererwa i Sheol:
Hasi i kuzimu (Sheol) harashwabadutse kugusanganira; hakanguye abapfuye kubwawe; ni bo bahambaye bose bo mw’isi; havyagurukije abami bose b’amahanga ku ntebe zabo. Abo bose bazokubaza, bati “Mbega nawe uhindutse umunyantege nke nkatwe. Icubahiro cawe kimanuwe i kuzimu Sheol; bo n’amajwi y’inanga yawe; ugaranzuriwe inyo nyene ni zo zikworoshe.” Ewe kuntu ukorotse uvuye kw’ijuru, wa nyenyeri yo mu rubungubungu we, wa mwana w’umutwenzi! Ew’ingene uciwe gushika hasi, wewe watsinda amahanga! Wari waribariye mu mutima, “uti Nzoduga nje hejuru, nkuze ingoma yanje isumbe inyenyeri z’Imana; uti Nzovyagira ku musozi w’ikoraniro mu ruhande rw’impera.”uti “Nzoduga ndenge ah’ibicu bigarukira; nzoba nk’Iyisumba vyose.” Yamara uzomanurwa, ushike i kuzimu, ushike mu bwigobeko bwa rwa rwobo. Abazokubona bazoguhanga, bakwitegereze, bati Mbeg’uyu ni we yahindisha isi agashitsi, agashira ubwami bwinshi mu gatengo? Ni we yahindura isi nk’ubugaragwa, agakomvomvora ibisagara vyo muri yo, ntarekure abafashwe mpiri ngo basubire i wabo?” (Yes. 14:9-17, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro).
Ivyo vyanditswe hamwe n’ibindi bituma twizera ko Sheol ari ikibanza c’imibabaro abagabitanya baboherwamwo bamaze gupfa. Kandi hari n’ibindi bivyemeza.
Hadezi (Hades)
Ijambo ry’Ikigiriki mw’Isezerano Rishasha, Hades, risigura ca kibanza Isezerano rya Kera ryita Sheol. Kugira ngo tuvyemeze, turashobora kugereranya Zaburi 16:10 n’Ivyakozwe n’Intumwa 2:27 handitswe ngo:
Kuk’utazoreka ubugingo bwanje buje i kuzimu (Sheol); kandi ntuzokundira Uwera wawe ngw’az’abore (Zab. 16:10, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro).
Kuk’utazoreka ubugingo bwanje ngo buje i Kuzimu (Hades), kandi ntuzotanga Uwera wawe ngw’az’abore (Ivyak. 2:27, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro o).
Ko bimeze gurtyo, biratangaje kubonako muri utwo turorero twose cumi ijambo Hades rikoreshwa mw’Isezerano Rishasha, havugwako ari ikibanza c’imibabaro abagabitanya baboherwamwo igihe bapfuye (raba Mat. 11:23; 16:18; Luka 10:15; 16:23; Ivyak. 2:27; 2:31; Ivyah. 1:18; 6:8; 20:13-14). Ubugira kandi, ibi vyose bivugako Sheol/Hadezi ari ikibanza abagabitanya bababarizwamwo igihe bapfuye.
[1]
Mbega Yesu Yarashitse i Sheol/Hadezi? (Did Jesus Go to Sheol/Hades?)
Dusubire kuraba Zaburi 16:10 n’ivyo Petero yavuze mu Vyakozwe n’intumwa 2:27, hari imirongo ibiri yerekanako Sheol na Hadezi ari ikibanza kimwe. Turavye ivyo Petero yavuze ku musi wa Penteko, Dawidi ntiyariko yivuga ubwiwe muri Zaburi 16:10, ariko yavugishwa kuri Kristo, kuk’umubiri wa Dawidi waboze, ariko uwa Kristo ntiwaboze (raba Ivyak. 2:29-31). Yesu ubwiwe ni we abwira Se muri Zaburi 16:10, yizerako Se adashobora guhebera ubugingo bwiwe i Sheol canke yemereko umubiri wiwe ubore.
Hari abantu bamwe bavuga ko ubugingo bwa Yesu bwagiye i Sheol/Hadezi ya misi itatu yo hagati y’urupfu n’izuka ryiwe. Arikw’ivyo si vyo twihweje ivyo Yesu yabwiye Se:
Kuk’utazoreka ubugingo bwanje ngo buje i Kuzimu (Sheol); kandi ntuzokundira Uwera wawe ngw’az’abore (Zab. 16:10).
Yesu ntiyabwiye Se, ati “Ndazikw’ubugingo bwanje buzuba imisi mikeya i Sheol/Hadezi, ariko ndizerako utazonsigayo.” Yavuze ati, “Ndizerako igihe nzopfa ntazoshirwa hamwe n’abagabitanya, ng’ubugingo bwanje buje i Sheol/Hadezi. Nta n’umunota nzogira yo. Oya, ndizerako ufise umugambi wokunzura mu misi itatu, kandi ntuzokwemera umubiri wanje ubore.”
Iyi nsobanuro ni yo. Igihe Yesu yavuga ati, “Kandi Ntuzokundira Uwera wawe ngw’az’abore,” dusobanuye gurtyo bisigurako umubiri wa Yesu wagiye uhinduka mu kiringo c’imisi itatu gushika aho ugirwa musha ku musi w’izuka ryiwe. Ivyo tubivuga twerekanak’umubiri wiwe utigeze ubora guhera uhereye ku rupfu ugashitsa kw’izuka.
Nk’uko nyene, ijambo ryiwe rivugak’ubugingo bwiwe butazoja i Sheol/Hadezi ntirisobanurako yagiye i Sheol/Hadezi imisi mikeya ntiyaheberwayo burundu.
[2]
Ahubwo, hasobanurako ubugingo bwiwe butagiriwe ibigirirwa abagabitanya baja i Sheol/Hadezi bavuye muri ubu bugingo. Ubugingo bwiwe ntibwari gushobora kumarayo n’umunota. Menya kandi ko Yesu yavuze, ati “ Ntuzoreka ubugingo bwanje ngo buje i Sheol,” ntiyavuze ngo, “Ntuzoreka ubugingo bwanje bugume i Sheol.”
None Ubugingo bwa Yesu Bwamaze Iyo Misi Itatatu Hehe?
(Where Was Jesus’ Soul During the Three Days?)
Ibukako Yesu yabwiye abigishwa biwe kw’azomara imisi itatatu mu nda y’isi (raba Mat. 12:40). Ntibisigurako umubiri wiwe wamaze imisi itatu mu mva, kuko tuzi yuko mu mva “ari mu nda y’isi.” Ahubwo, yavuze yukw’impwemu/cank’ubugingo bwiwe buzoja i bwina bw’isi. Ni co gituma tuvugako ubugingo bwiwe butari mw’ijuru mu kiringo kiri hagati y’urupfu n’izuka ryiwe. Yesu yavyemeje igihe c’izuka ryiwe aho yabwira Mariya kw’ataraja kwa Se (raba Yohana 20:17).
Wame wibukako Yesu yabwiye wa musuma ko baza kubana i Paradizo kur’uyo musi nyene (raba Luka 23:43). Dushize ibi bintu vyose hamwe, tubonako ubugingo/umutima wiwe wabaye imisi itatu mu nda y’isi. N’imiburiburi yari mu kibanza yise “Paradizo,” ikibanza kidashobora kwitiranwa na gato n’ikibanza c’imibabaro citwa Sheol/Hadezi!
Ibi bituma niyumvirako hari ikibanza mu nda y’isi atari Sheol/Hadezi, ariko citwa Paradizo. Iki ciyumviro na co kirwanywa n’inkuru Yesu yavuze ku bantu babiri bapfuye, umwe yari umugororotsi uwundi uwugabitanya, umutunzi na Lazaro. Turabe iyo nkuru:
Habaye umuntu w’umutunzi yambara impuzu z’inyambarabami n’izera nziza, yama adibamye mu vyiza imisi yose. Kandi hariho n’umworo yitwa Lazaro, yatembagara kw’irembo ryiwe yatonyanga ibisebe. Yifuza guhazwa n’udukorokera musi y’ameza y’uno mutunzi, kand’imbwa na zo zaraza zikamurigata ibisebe. Hanyuma wa mworo arapfa, abamarayika bamujana mu gikiriza ca Aburahamu: na wamutunzi arapfa, arahambwa. Ar’i kuzimu (Hadezi) ararangamiza, ababazwa cane. Abona Aburahamu ari kure, na Lazaro ari mu gikiriza ciwe. Aratabaza, ati “Aburahamu muvyeyi, ngirira ikigongwe, rungika Lazaro akoze isonga y’urutoke mu mazi, amfuvye ururimi, kuko nsererejwe mur’uru rubeya.” Aburahamu aramubwira, ati “Mwana wanje, ibuka yuko wahawe ivyiza vyawe ukiriho, Lazaro na we yahawe ibibi: non’amariwe imibabaro hano, nawe urasererezwa.” Mber’uhuye n’ivyo, hagati yacu na we har’iminga ihambaye yashizweho kugira ngo ni hagira uwugomba kuva ino bakaja aho muri ntibabishobore, kandi ngo ntibave iyo ngo bashike aho turi” (Luka 16:19-26, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro).
Lazaro n’uyo mutunzi ntibari mu mubiri igihe bapfa, ariko barafashe urugendo rubajana mu bibanza bikwiranye n’ivyo bakoze bakiri kwisi.
Lazaro Yari Hehe? (Where Was Lazarus?)
N’aho Umutunzi yari i hadezi, yarashobora kubona Lazaro mu kindi kibanza. Lazaro yari ahitwa “mu gikiriza ca Aburahamu,” ico s’ikibanza ariko ni ikimenyetso co kuruhuka Lazaro yaronse.
Mbega hagati ya wa mutunzi na Lazaro hari urugendo rungana gute?
Ivyanditswe bivuga ko umutunzi yabonye Lazaro “ari kure,” kandi tubwirwako hari ”imanga nini” hagati yabo. Urugendo rwari hagati yabo umwe wese ashobora kurusobanura ukw’avyumva. Ariko turashobora kuvuga yuk’urwo rugendo rutangana n’ururi hagati y’inda y’isi n’ijuru. Mu yandi majambo, umutunzi ntiyarikubona Lazaro (adafashijwe n’Imana). Ntihari kuvugwa ivy’”imanga nini” hagati y’ivyo bibanza bibiri. Iyo manga yashizweho kugira abantu ntibashobora kuva mu kibanza kimwe baja mu kindi. Ikirengeye vyose, umutunzi “yarasemereye” Aburahamu aramwumva kandi aramwishura. Bituma twiyumvirako bari hafi na hafi kuko bavugana umwe ari ku ruhande rumwe ry’iyo “manga nini.”
Bituma nizerako Lazaro atari mw’ijuru, ari mu nda y’isi, mu kibanza gitandukanye n’ivyo bibanza bibiri tumaze kuvuga.
[3]
Gishobora kuba ari co kibanza Yesu yise Paradizo yabwira wa musuma yihana. Ni co kibanza abera bo mw’Isezerano rya Kera bapfuye bajamwo. Aho Lazaro yagiye ni ho Yesu na wamwambuzi bagiye.
Niho n’uwavugishwa n’Imana Samweli yaja igihe yapfa. Tubona muri 1Samweli 28 igihe Imana yemerera impwemu ya Samweli n’aho yaramaze gupfa ngw’ihanurire Sauli. Wa mupfumu yayise “ishusho ry’Imana iduga iva i kuzimu” (1 Sam. 28:13, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro). Samweli yibwirira Sauli, ati “N’iki gitumye uza kunkoma, ukanzura?” (1 Sam. 28:15, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro). Biboneka yukw’impwemu/cank’ubugingo bwa Samweli bwari muri Paradizo mu nda y’isi.
Ivyanditswe vyemezako ku musi w’izuka rya Kristo, iyo Paradizo yakuwemw’abo yari ifise. Abagorotsi bapfuye mu gihe c’Isezerano rya Kera nabo bajanwa na Yesu mw’ijuru. Ivyanditswe bivugako Yesu yaduganywe mw’ijuru avuye i bwina mw’isi, “Afata mpiri ibihumbi vy’ingabo yanesheje (Efe. 4:8-9; Zab. 68:18). Abo bavugwa ndizerako ari bo bari muri Paradizo. Yesu ntiyabohoye abantu bari i Sheol/Hadezi!
[4]
Yesu Yabwirije Impwemu Ziboshe (Jesus Preached to Spirits in Prison)
Ivyanditswe bitubwirako hari abantu Yesu yabwirije, batagira imibiri, mu gihe kiri hagati y’urupfu n’izuka ryiwe. Tubisanga muri 1Petero 3:
Kuko na Kristo yababajwe rimwe ahorwa ivyaha, umugororotsi yababarijwe abagabiranya, kugirangw’adushikire Iman; yishwe umubiri ariko yahinduwe muzima mu buryo bw’impwemu: ni bwo yagiyemwo abarira impwemu ziri mw’ibohero ijambo ry’Imana kera, hamwe ukwihangana kwayo kwari kukirorereye mu misi ya Nowa, bwa bwato bukibazwa; muri bwo harokokeye abantu bakeya, bashika umunani, bakirijwe mu mazi (1 Pet. 3:18-20).
Iki gice c’ivyanditswe cama gitera ibibazo ntashobora gutangira inyishu vyose. ariko ni wibaze icotuma Yesu abwira ubutumwa abagarariji bamwe gusa bapfuye igihe c’umwuzure kuri Nowa? None yaba yarababwiye iki?
Uko bimeze kwose, iki canditswe cerekanako Yesu atabaye i Paradizo ya misi itatu iri hagati y’urupfu n’izuka ryiwe.
Gehinomu (Gehenna)
Mu gihe cacu, igihe imibiri y’abagororotsi ipfuye, impwemu/cank’ubugingo bwabo buja mw’ijuru (raba 2Kor. 5:6-8; Fil. 1:21-23; 1Tes. 4:14).
Abagabitanya n’ubu baracaja i Sheol/Hadezi aho bababarizwa mu kurindira izuka ry’imibiri yabo, icirwekw’iteka ry’ibihe bidashira, bace batererwa mu “kiyaga c’umuriro,” ico kibanza kiratandukanye n’i Sheol/Hadezi.
Harii ijambo rya gatatu ryita ico kibanza i kuzimu, riva mu Kigiriki Gehenna. Iri jambo riva mw’izina ryasobanura igisumanyenzi canke nyabarega yari hanze ya Yerusalemu mu kiyaya c’i Hinoni, yari imicafu yuzuye inyenzi n’inyo, aho hama hatumuka akotsi k’umuriro wama uhaturira igihe cose.
Igihe Yesu yavuga ivya Gehinomu, yahavuze yerekanako hameze nk’ikibanza abanyavyaha bazotererwamwo bari mu mibiri. Akarorero, yaravuze mu njili ya Matayo:
N’ukuboko kwawe kw’iburyo ni kwagutsitaza, uguce igikonjo, ugute kure: vyokubera vyiza gupfa urugingo rwawe rumwe, hak’umubiri wawe wose woja muri Gehinomu [i kuzimu]….Ntimuze mutinye abica umubiri, badashobora kwica ubugingo: cane-cane mutinye uwushobora guhonereza ubugingo n’ umubiri muri Gehinomu [i kuzimu] (Mat. 5:30, 10:28, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro).
Gehinomu na Hadezi ntibishobora kwitiranwa kukw’ivyanditswe bivugakw’abagabitanya barungikwa i Hadezi ari impwemu/cank’ubugingo gusa ata mubiri bafise. Inyuma y’inganji ya kristo imyaka igihumbi ni ho imibiri y’abagabitanya izo zuka icirwe urubanza imbere y’Imana ni ho bazoca batererwa mu kiyaga caka umuriro, canke Gehinomu (raba Ivyah. 20:5, 11-15). Ikirengeye vyose, na Hadezi ubwayo umusi umwe izotererwa mur’ico kiyaga caka umuriro (sama Ivyah. 20:14), ni co gituma tuvugakw’ico kibanza gitandukanye n’ikiyaga caka umuriro.
Tartarosi (Tartaros)
Ijambo rya kane bakunda gusobanura kuzimu mu vyanditswe ni ijambo ry’Ikigiriki ryitwa tartaros. Turibona rimwe gusa mw’Isezerano Rishasha:
Kuko, kw’Imana itagiriye ikigongwe abamarayika bakoze ivyaha, arikw’ikabakororera i kuzimu [tartaros], ikabashira mu vyobo vy’umwiza, ngo barindirwe kuzocirwakw’iteka (2 Pet. 2:4).
Tartarosi ni ibohero ridasanzwe ryashiriwe abamarayika bacumuye; Nuko rero, ntidushobora kuhagereranya na Sheol/Hadezi canke Gehinomu. Na Yuda yaravuze ku bamarayika baboshwe:
N’abamarayika batagumye mu bukuru bwabo, ariko bataye ahantu habo, ibarindira kuzocirwakw’iteka ryo ku musi uhambaye, bari mu minyororo idashira no mu mwiza (Yuda 6).
Amarushwa Y’i Kuzimu (The Horrors of Hell)
Igihe umuntu apfuye atihanye, nta kandi karyo ko kwihana azosubira kuronka. Ahaja harateguw. Bibiliya ivuga iti, “kandi nk’ukw’abantu babikiwe gupfa rimwe, hanyuma yaho hakaza amateka” (Heb. 9:27).
Gehinomu yamaho ibihe bidashira, kandi abinjiyemwo ntibashobora kuvayo. Mu kuvuga amateka y’abagabitanya, Yesu yavuze ati, “Abo bazoja mu gihano kidashira, ariko abagororotsi bazoja mu bugingo budashira” (Mat. 25:46, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro). Igihano c’i kuzimu kizomara umwanya ungana n’uwo abagororotsi bazomara i Paradizo.
Na Paulo yaravyanditswe, ati:
Kukw’ar’ibigororotse ku Mana kwishura amarushwa abayabatera…Bazohanwa, ni kwo guhona kw’ibihe bidashira, kuva mu nyonga h’Umwami no mu bwiza bw’ubugororotsi bwiwe (2 Tes. 1:6-9, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro).
Gehinomu ni ikibanza c’imibabaro itovugwa kukw’abantu bazohanirwayo ibihe bidashira. Bagumeyo, ibihe n’ibihe, abagabitanya bazokwikorera urubanza rwabo rw’ibihe bidashira no guseserezwa n’urubanza rw’Imana ry’umuriro utazima.
Yesu yagereranije i kuzimu n’ikibanza “kitagira umuco,” aho bazorira no gusyana intsa z’amemyo” (raba Mat. 22:13; Mariko 9:44). Dufise igikorwa co gukangura abantu tubamenyesha ivy’ico kibanza no kubabwira ku gakiza Kristo atanga!
Hari idini ryigisha purigatori, ikibanza abantu bazojamwo igihe bapfuye barorereye gukurwako ivyaha vyabo bashobore kwinjira mw’ijuru. arikw’ivyo nta hantu na hamwe tubona vyanditswe muri Bibiliya.
Igihe Abagororotsi Bapfuye (The Righteous After Death)
Uwizera apfuye, impwemu yiwe ija kubana n’Umwami mw’ijuru. Paulo yarabisobanuye cane igihe yandika uko bizogenda igihe azopfa:
Kuko kubwanje kubaho ari Kristo, kandi gupfa ar’inyungu. Ariko namb’ari kubaho mu mubiri, ico kizonyamira imbuto z’igikorwa, kandi sinzi ico mpitamwo. Ndazazaniwe mur’ivyo bibiri, kuko nifuza gutaha ngo mbane na Kristo, kukw’ari co kirushirije cane (Fil. 1:21-23, dushimikiye ku nsobanuro).
Menyako Paulo yavuzeko yifuza gutaha kandi hageze kw’ataha, abane na Kristo. Impwemu yiwe ntizobura ubwenge, irindiriye izuka (nk’uko bamwe bavyiyumvira).
Kandi menya yuko Paulo yavuze ko kuri we, gupfa ar’ inyungu. Ivyo bishoboka gusa igihe azikw’azoja mw’ijuru apfuye.
Paulo yarasubiye kuvuga mu cete wiwe ca kabiri yandikiye ab’i Korinto yukw’ impwe- mu y’uwizera ivuye mu mubiri wiwe, aba “atashe ku Mwami”:
Ni co gituma na ntaryo turinda mu mutima, tumenya yukw’iyo tur’iwacu mu mubiri tuba tugerereye kure y’Umwami wacu…n’ukugerera kure y’umubiri, tukaba i wacu ku Mwami wacu (2 Kor. 5:6-8).
Mu kuvyemeza cane, Paulo asubira kwandika ati:
Ariko bene Data, ntitugomba ko muyoberwa ivy’abasinzira itiro ry’urupfu, ngo ntimubabare nka ba bandi badafise ivyizigiro. Uko twizera yuko Yesu yapfuye akazuka, abe ariko twizera yukw’abasinziriye muri Yesu, Imana izobazanana na we. (1 Tes. 4:13-14).
Namba Yesu azozana na bo bauye mw’ijuru igihe azogarukira “ abasinziriye,” bategerezwa kuba bari mw’ijuru hamwe na we.
Guhishurirwa Ijuru (Heaven Foreseen)
Mbega ijuru risa gute? Mu bwenge bwacu bw’umubiri ntituzokwigera tubona canke dushobora kuvuga uko ubwiza buturindiriye mw’ijuru bungana, kandi na Bibiliya iduhishurira igice gusa. Ikintu kinezereza cane abizera n’uko tuzobona Umwami n’Umukiza wacu mw’ijuru, Yesu, hamwe n’Imana Data imbona nkubone. Tuzoba mu “nzu ya Data”:
I muhira kwa Data har’amazu menshi, iy’aba atariho, mba ndabibabwiye, kuko ngiye kubategurira ahanyu. Kandi ko ngiye kubategurira ahanyu, nzogaruka kubajana i wanje, ngw’aho ndi namwe abe ari ho muba (Yohana 14:2-3).
Igihe tuzoshika mw’ijuru, amabanga menshi ubwenge bwacu budashobora gutahura tuzoyatahura yose. Paulo yanditse ati,
Kuk’ubu turabira mu cirore ivyijiji, arikw’ico gihe tuzoraba nk’abarabana imbonankubone. Ubu nzi agace, arikw’ico gihe nzomenya rwose nk’uko namenywe rwose (1 Kor. 13:12).
Igitabo c’ivyahishuriwe Yohana kiraduha ishusho ry’ijuru. Yarivuze nk’ikibanza gikorerwamwo ibintu vyinshi, c’ubwiza buhebuje, ibintu vyama bigirwa bishasha, n’umunezero utovugwa, ijuru s’ikibanza abantu bazojamwo birirwe baryama canke baririmba imisi yose!
Yohana, yigeze guhishurirwa ivy’ijuru, yatanguye kuvuga ku ntebe y’inganji y’Imana yaremye vyose:
Ako kanya mba muri Mpwemu: kandi mbona intebe iteretse mw’ijuru, mbona n’Uwuyivyagiyeko. Uwar’avyagiye yasa n’akabuyenge kitwa yasipi n’akitwa sarudiyo: kand’umunywamazi war’ukikije iyo ntebe, usa n’akitwa sumaragido. Iyo ntebe yar’ikikijwe n’izindi ntebe mirongwibiri na zine: kur’izo ntebe mbona abakuru mirongwibiri na bane bazicayeko, bambaye impuzu zera, no mu mitwe yabo har’ibitsibo vy’izahabu. Kandi kuri ya ntebe y’ubwami hava imiravyo n’amajwi n’imituragaro: kand’imuri ndwi z’umuriro zakira imbere y’iyo ntebe, ni zo Mpwemu ndwi z’Imana: kand’imbere y’iyo ntebe hari nk’ikiyaga c’ibirahuri, gisa n’urubona: kandi hagati ahahanganye n’iyo ntebe no kuyikikuza har’ibinyabugingo bine vyuzuye amaso imbere n’inyuma. Ikinyabugingo ca mbere casa n’intambwe, ica kabiri casa n’inyana, ica gatatu cari gifise mu maso hasa n’uh’umuntu, ica kane case n’inkukuma iguruka. Ivyo binyabugingo bine bifise amababa atandatu-atandatu, kandi vyuzuye amaso impande zose n’imbere mu nda: ntibiruhuka ku murango no mw’ijoro, vyama bivuga, bit’”Uwera, Uwera, Uwera, ni we Mwami Imana, ashobora vyose, yamyeho, kand’ariho, kand’agira aze. Kand’iyo vya binyabugingo bihaye uguhimbazwa n’icubahiro n’ishimwe Iyivyagiye kuri ya ntebe, ni yo Ibaho ibihe bitazoshira, ba bakuru mirongwibiri na bane baca bikubita imbere y’Iyivyagiye kur’iyo ntebe, bagasenga Iyibaho ibihe bidashira, bagaterera ibitsibo vyabo imbere y’iyo ntebe bavuga, bati “Mwamu wacu, Mana yacu, birakubereye guhabwa uguhimbazwa n’icubahiro n’ububasha, kukw’ari wewe waremye vyose; icatumye bibaho kand’icatumye biremwa, n’uko wabigomvye” (Ivyah. 4:2-11).
Yohana yaragerageje gusobanura mu majambo yo kw’isi agereranya n’ivyo mw’isi. Biragaragara, ntidushobora gutahura ivyo yavuze tutavyiboneye twebwe nyene. Ariko kubisoma biduha igitutu cavyo.
Ibice bitwigisha cane kuvyo mw’ijuru tubisanga mu vyahishuriwe Yohana ku bice vya 21 na 22, aho Yohana yavuga kuri Yerusalemu, izomanuka kw’isi inyuma y’ingaji ya Kristo y’imyaka igihumbi:
Anjana ku musozi munini muremure ndi muri Mpwemu, anyereka umurwa wera Yerusalemu, wururuka uva mw’ijuru ku Mana, ufise ubwiza bw’Imana. Ugukayangana kwawo gusa n’ukw’ibuye ry’akabuyenge ry’igico kinini cane, nk’akabuyenge kitwa yasipi kabonerana nk’icirore, uzigujwe n’urugo runini rurerure rufise ibirimba cumi na bibiri, no mu birimba harih’abamarayika cumi na babiri….Uwavugana nanje yar’afise irenga ry’izahabu ry’ikigeresho kugira ngw’agere uwo murwa n’ibirimba vyawo n’ibirimba vyawo n’urugo rwawo. Uwo murwa ungana impande zose, uburebure bungana n’ubwaguke….Urugo rwawo rwubakishijwe yasipi, umurwa war’izahabu ishize inkamba imeze nk’ibirahuri bishize inkamba nyene….kand’ibirimba ukw’ari cumi na bibiri, vyar’imarigarita cumi na zibiri: ikirimba kimwe cubakishijwe imarigarita imwe, birtyo birtyo. Irango rya wa murwa ryar’izahabu nziza, isa n’ibirahuri bibonerana. Kandi sinabonye urusengero kuri wo, kuk’Umwami Imana ishobora vyose na wa Mwagazi ari bo rusengero rwawo…..Anyereka uruzi rw’amazi y’ubugingo, rubonerana nk’icirore, ruva ku ntebe y’Imana na wa mwagazi. Hagati y’irango rya wa murwa, hakurya no hakuno y’urwo ruzi harih’igiti c’ubugingo, cera icumi na kabiri mu mwaka, kikera rimwe-rimwe uk’ukwezi gutashe; ibibabi vyaco vyar’ivyo kuvura amahanga. Nta muvumo uzoba ukiriho. Intebe y’Imana na wa Mwagazi izoba muri wa murwa, abagurano bayo bazokwama bashashe, bazoraba mu nyonga hayo, izina ryayo rizokwandikwa mu ruhanga rwabo. Nta joro rizoba rikiriho, kandi ntibazorindwa kubonesherezwa n’itara canke kwakirwa n’izuba, kuk’Umwami Imana ari yo izobakira, kandi bazoba abami ibihe bitazoshira” (Ivyah. 21:10-22:5).
Uwukurikira Yesu wese ashobora arindira ivyo bitangaza yihanganye ari mu kwizera. Nta nkeka, tuzoba imisi yacu ya mbere mw’ijuru tubwirana, ngo “Oho! Ibi nivyo Yohana yagerageje kwandika mu gitabo c’Ivyahishuriwe!”
[1]
Hari abantu bafatira ku vyanditswe bikeya, nk’Ita. 37:35, Yobu 14:13, Zab. 89:48, Umus. 9:10 na Yes. 38:9-10, bavugako Sheol ari ikibanza cajamwo abagororotsi igihe bapfuye. Ariko ivyanditswe vyemeza ibindi. Nimba Sheol yajamwo abagabitanya n’abagororotsi igihe bapfuye, Sheol itegerezwa kuba yari ifise ivyumba bibiri, kimwe citwa kuzimu ikindi citwa paradizo, n’ivyo nyene ntibavyemera.
[2]
Abemera iyi nsobanuro bategerezwa kwemera inyigisho ziyiherekeza. Imwe ivugako Sheol/Hadezi ari izina ry’ikibanza abagabitanya baboherwamwo igihe bapfuye hamwe n’abagororotsi, ariko gifise ivyumba bibiri bitandukanye. Kimwe ni co kubabarizwamwo ikindi citwa Paradizo ari na co Yesu yagiyemwo. Iyindi nyigisho ivugako Yesu yagiye mur’iyo mibababo kubw’abanyavyaha imisi itatu mu muriro w’i Sheol/Hadezi kuko yafashe ikibanza c’abanyavyaha kugira ngw’aducungure. Arikw’izo nyigisho zompi nta canditswe kizemeza, kandi nta co zidufasha igihe zivuga ko Yesu yabaye imisi itatu i Sheol/Hadezi. Iyo nyigisho ya kabiri, Yesu ntiyamaze imisi itatu mu muriro kubw’abanyavyaha mu kiringo kiri hagati y’urupfu n’izuka ryiwe, kukw’agakiza kacu kaguzwe imibabaro yiwe yo ku musaraba (raba Kol. 1:22), s’imibabaro yo mu muriro w’i Sheol/Hadezi.
[3]
Menyako Lazaro na wa mutunzi, n’aho batandukanye n’imibiri yabo, bari bakomeye bafise ubwenge bwo kubona, kwumva no gukorako. Barashobora kwumva umubabaro cank’umunezero bibuka n’ivyo baciyemwo muri kahise. Ibi birwanya inyigisho z’”impwemu zisinziriye,” iciyumviro c’abo bavugakw’igihe umuntu apfuye, impwemu yiwe irasinzirizwa ata bwenge ifise irindiriye umusi w’izuka ry’imibiri yabo.
[4]
Hari abantu biyumvira, kumbure harimw’ukuri, yukw’iminyago ivugwa mu Banyefeso 4:8-9 ni igihe twese twari tujakariye gukora icaha, ariko ubu tumaze kubohorwa n’izuka rya Kristo.