Dukurikije Bibiliya, umwigishwa ni umuntu wizera Umwami Yesu Kristo n’umutima utaryarya, akagendera mu Ijambo rye kandi ibyo bikaba byaramubatuye mu byaha. Umwigishwa ni uwitoza kumvira amategeko ya Kristo, kandi agakunda Yesu kurusha uko akunda umuryango we, kurusha uko akunda kugubwa neza, no kurusha uko akunda umutungo we, kandi urwo rukundo akarugaragariza mu mibereho ye. Abigishwa nyakuri ba Yesu barakundana kandi urwo rukundo barwerekanira mu bikorwa. Ubwo baba bera imbuto.[1] Abo ni bo Yesu ashaka.
Birumvikana ko abatari abigishwa ubwabo badashobora no guhindura abandi abigishwa ba Kristo. Ni cyo gituma mbere y’uko tugira umuntu n’umwe tugerageza gushaka guhindura umwigishwa wa Yesu, tugomba kubanza tukamenya tudashidikanya niba twebwe ubwacu turi abigishwa be. Abakozi b’Imana benshi iyo bapimwe ku munzani w’abo Bibiliya yita umwigishwa basanga batuzuye. Nta cyizere cy’uko abakozi b’Imana nk’abo bashobora guhindura abantu abigishwa, mu by’ukuri ntibazigera banabigerageza. Ubwabo ntibiyeguriye Yesu Kristo bihagije ku buryo bakwihanganira ibibazo umuntu ahura na byo mu gihe ahindura abantu abigishwa nyabo.
Uhereye ubu, reka nibwire ko abakozi b’Imana bari bukomeze gusoma, ubwabo ari abigishwa b’Umwami Yesu Kristo,biyemeje rwose kumvira amategeko ye. Niba atari uko, gukomeza gusoma byawe ntacyo bivuze utarafata icyo cyemezo cya ngombwa cyo guhinduka umwigishwa nyawe. Wikomeza gutegereza ikindi gihe! Kubita amavi hasi wihane! Ku bw’ubuntu bwayo butangaje, Imana irakubabarira kandi iguhindure icyaremwe gishya muri Kristo!
Gusobanura bundi bushya kuba umwigishwa icyo ari cyo
N’ubwo Yesu yasobanuye neza cyane umwigishwa icyo ari cyo, abenshi basimbuje iyo nsobanuro iyabo bishyiriyeho. Urugero, kuri bamwe umwigishwa ni ijambo ritumvikana neza rishobora gukoreshwa ku muntu uwo ari we wese uvuga ko ari umukristo. Kuri abo ijambo umwigishwa ryambuwe insobanuro yaryo yose Bibiliya iriha.
Abandi bumva ko kuba umwigishwa ari indi ntambwe ya kabiri uwizera ujya mu ijuru ashobora gutera cyangwa ntayitere bitewe no guhitamo kwe. Bo bizera ko umuntu ashobora kuba ari umukristo ujya mu ijuru ariko kandi ntabe umwigishwa wa Yesu! Bitewe n’uko bikomeye cyane gupfa kwirengagiza ibyanditse muri Bibiliya Yesu ategeka ko umuntu agomba kuba yujuje kugira ngo abe umwigishwa, bigisha ko hari ibyiciro bibiri by’abakristo–abakristo bizera Yesu, n’abigishwa bizera Yesu kandi bamwiyeguriye. Bahereye kuri ibyo, bakunze kuvuga ko abakristo ari benshi ariko abigishwa bakaba bake, nyamara ngo bose barimo barajya mu ijuru.
Iyi nyigisho ihindura ubusa itegeko rya Yesu ryo guhindura abantu abigishwa, ibyo bikaburizamo uwo murimo wo guhindura abantu abigishwa. Niba kuba umwigishwa bisaba kwiyanga ukiyegurira Yesu kandi ugaca no mu mibabaro, hanyuma kandi niba kuba umwigishwa ari ikintu wakora ushatse utashaka ukabireka, birumvikana ko umubare munini cyane w’abantu ari abazahitamo kutaba abigishwa, cyane cyane iyo bumva ko bazakirwa mu ijuru nk’abakristo batari abigishwa.
Aha rero hari ibibazo bya ngombwa cyane tugmba kubaza: Mbese Ibyanditswe byera bitubwira ko umuntu ashobora kuba umukristo ujya mu ijuru, ariko ntabe umwigishwa wa Yesu Kristo? Mbese kuba umwigishwa ni intambwe yindi umukristo ashobora gutera biturutse ku bushake bwe yaba atabishaka ntayitere? Mbese hari ibyiciro bibiri by’abakristo: abizera batiyeguriye Kristo, n’abigishwa bamwiyeguriye?
Igisubizo kuri ibyo bibazo byose ni Oya. Nta nahamwe Isezerano Rishya ritubwira ko hari ubwoko bubiri bw’abakristo, abizera n’abigishwa. Iyo umuntu asoma igitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa, kenshi na kenshi hagaruka ijambo abigishwa, kandi ikigaragara ni uko ridasobanura urundi rwego ruri hejuru rw’abizera biyeguriye Imana kurusha abandi. Uwizeraga Yesu wese yari umwigishwa.[2] Mu by’ukuri, “muri Antiyokiya ni ho abigishwa batangiriye kwitwa Abakristo” (Ibyakozwe 11:26).
Biratangaje kubona ukuntu usanga ijambo mu Kigiriki risobanura umwigishwa (mathetes) urisanga mu Isezerano Rishya incuro 261, nyamara ijambo mu Kigiriki rivuga uwizera (pistos) ukarisangamo incuro icyenda gusa (nk’uko risobanurwa ngo abizera muri Bibiliya yitwa the New American Standard Version). Ijambo mu Kigiriki rivuga Umukristo (Christianos) riboneka incuro eshatu gusa. Ibyo byonyine birahagije kwemeza umuntu ufite umutima utaryarya ushaka kumenya ukuri ko mu itorero rya mbere uwizeraga Yesu wese yakirwaga/yafatwaga nk’umwigishwa we.
Insobanuro ya Yesu
(Jesus’ Commentary)
Nta gushidikanya ko Yesu atigeze atekereza ko kuba umwigishwa ari indi ntambwe ya kabiri abizera bashobora gutera babishatse batabishaka bakarorēra.Bya byangombwa bitatu twasomye muri Luka 14 asaba kugira ngo umuntu abe umwigishwa ntiyabibwirwaga abizera nko kubahamagarira kuzamuka ku rundi rwego mu buryo bwabo bwo kumwiyegurira. Ahubwo ayo magambo yabwirwaga ba bantu bose benshi cyane bari bamuteze amatwi. Kuba umwigishwa ni yo ntambwe ya mbere mu busabane umuntu agirana n’Imana. Byongeye kandi dusoma muri Yohana 8 ngo:
Avuze atyo [Yesu] abantu benshi baramwizera. Nuko Yesu abwira Abayuda bamwemeye ati, “Nimuguma mu ijambo ryanjye muzaba abigishwa banjye nyakuri; namwe muzamenya ukuri kandi ukuri ni ko kuzababātūra” (Yohana 8:30-32).
Nta muntu ushyira mu gaciro wajya impaka arwanya iki kintu kigaragara cy’uko Yesu abo yabwiraga ari abari bakimara kumwizera abahamagarira kuba abigishwa be. Yesu ntabwo yabwiye abo bari bamaze kumwizera ngo, “Hanyuma rero mu minsi izaza, bishobotse mwatekereza ukuntu mwatera intambwe ikurikiraho, intambwe yo kwiyemeza rwose, yo kuba abigishwa banjye.” Oya, Yesu yabwiraga abo bizera bashya nk’uwizera ko barangije kuba abigishwa, nk’aho ndetse ijambo uwizera n’ijambo umwigishwa ari amagambo asobanura kimwe. Yabwiye abo bari bakimara kwizera ko kugira ngo bagaragaze ko ari abigishwa be ari uko baguma mu ijambo rye, gutyo bakabātūrwa mu byaha (reba Yohana 8:34-36).
Yesu yari azi ko abantu kuvuga ko bizeye bidasobanuye ko bizeye koko. Yari azi kandi ko abizeye ko ari Umwana w’Imana koko babigaragariza mu bikorwa–bahitaga bahinduka abigishwa be–bakihatira cyane kumwumvira no kumunezeza. Abizera/abigishwa bameze batyo bagumaga mu ijambo rye, bakarituramo. Kandi uko bagendaga bamenya ubushake bwe mu kwiga amategeko ye ni ko bagendaga babātūrwa mu byaha.
Ni cyo gituma Yesu yihutiye gukangurira abo bari bizeye kwisuzuma. Aya magambo ye ngo, “Niba muri abigishwa banjye koko” arerekana ko yumvaga ko binashoboka ko baba atari abigishwa be nyakuri, ahubwo bakaba ari abavuga gusa ko ari abigishwa. Baba bibeshya. Keretse gusa batsinze ikizamini cy’igerageza cya Yesu ni ho bashoboraga kumenya badashidikanya ko ari abigishwa be koko. (Kandi iyo ukomeje gusoma icyo kiganiro uko gikomeza muri Yohana 8:37-59 biragaraga ko yari afite ishingiro mu kubashidikanyaho.)[3]
Icyanditswe cyacu cy’ingenzi dushingiyeho, Matayo 28:18-20, ubwacyo kirasenya iyo myumvire yo kuvuga ko abigishwa ari urundi rwego rwo hejuru rw’abizera biyemeje rwose. Mu Nshingano Nkuru Yesu yatanze yategetse ko abigishwa bagomba kubatizwa. Biragaragara cyane mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa ko intumwa zitategerezaga ko abizeye bazabanza bagatera “indi ntambwe yo kuba biyemeje rwose gukurikira Kristo” kugira ngo bazabone kubabatiza. Ahubwo intumwa zabatizaga abizeye bose ako kanya bakimara gukizwa. Zizeraga ko abizera nyakuri bose ari abigishwa.
Ku bw’ibyo, abumva ko abigishwa ari abizera bageze ku rwego rudasanzwe rwo kwiyegurira Yesu nta n’ubwo bubahiriza iyo tewologiya yabo. Abenshi muri bo babatiza uwo ari we wese uje avuga ko yizera Yesu, ntibategereze ko azagera kuri rwa rwego rudasanzwe rwo “kuba umwigishwa.” Nyamara iyaba bizeraga koko ibyo babwiriza bakabaye babatiza gusa abamaze kugera ku rugero rw’ubwigishwa, kandi baba ari bake cyane mu bantu babo.
Wenda reka twongere dukubite iyi nyigisho y’abadayimoni turangiza biraba bihagije. Niba abigishwa batandukanye n’abizera, kuki Yohana yanditse avuga ko urukundo dukunda bene Data ari cyo kimenyetso kiranga abizera nyakuri bavutse bwa kabiri (reba 1 Yohana 3:14), na Yesu akavuga ko gukunda bene Data ari cyo kimenyetso cy’abigishwa be nyakuri (Yohana 13:35)?
Inkomoko y’iyi Nyigisho y’Ibinyoma
(The Origin of this False Doctrine)
Niba ibyo bintu by’inzego ebyiri zitandukanye z’abakristo, abizera n’abigishwa, ntaho wabisanga muri Bibiliya, bigenda bite kugira ngo iyo nyigisho abantu bayitsimbarareho? Igisubizo ni uko iyo nyigisho ishyigikiwe cyane n’indi nyigisho y’ibinyoma yerekeye ku gakiza. Iyo nyigisho ivuga ko ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu abe umwigishwa binyuranyije n’uko agakiza ari ubuntu. Bashingiye kuri iyo mitekerereza bagafata umwanzuro bavuga ko ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu abe umwigishwa bidashobora kuba ari byo bisabwa ngo umuntu akizwe. Ku bw’ibyo rero, kuba umwigishwa n’indi ntambwe yo kwiyemeza gukurikira Yesu abizera bajya mu ijuru bakijijwe n’ubuntu bashobora guhitamo gutera cyangwa ntibayitere biturutse ku bushake bwabo.
Akaga kuri iyi myumvire ni uko hari ibyanditswe byera byinshi cyane biyivuguruza. Urugero, ni iki cyakumvikana cyane kurusha ibyo Yesu yavuze asoza inyigisho ye yigishiriza ku musozi igihe yavugaga abahiriwe abo ari bo, amaze gutanga amategeko menshi?
Umuntu wese umbwira ati, “Mwami, Mwami,” si we uzinjira mu bwami bwo mu ijuru, keretse ukora ibyo Data wo mu ijuru ashaka” (Mat. 7:21).
Biragaragara neza ko aha kimwe n’ahandi henshi Yesu yavuze ko agakiza gashingiye ku kumvira. Noneho rero twahuza dute ibyanditswe byinshi nk’iki n’amagambo ya Bibiliya avuga ko agakiza ari ubuntu? Biroroshye cyane. Imana, mu buntu bwayo butangaje, yashyizeho igihe, ari cyo iki gihe turimo, nyamara kizagira iherezo, iha buri wese amahirwe yo kwihana, kwizera, no kuvuka bwa kabiri, Umwuka Wera akamuha ubushobozi bwo kumvira. Agakiza rero ni ubuntu. Atari ubuntu bw’Imana nta n’umwe wakizwa, kuko bose bakoze ibyaha. Ntibishoboka ko abanyabyaha bagororerwa agakiza. Ni yo mpamvu bakeneye ubuntu bw’Imana kugira ngo bakizwe.
Ku byerekeye agakiza kacu, ubuntu bw’Imana bugaragarira mu buryo bwinshi. Bugaragarira mu rupfu rwa Yesu ku musaraba, mu muhamagaro Imana iduhamagara ikoresheje ubutumwa bwiza, mu kudukururira kuri Kristo, mu kutwemeza ibyaha byacu, mu kuduha amahirwe yo kwihana, mu kuduhindura bashya no kutwuzuza Umwuka Wera wayo, mu gucagagura ingoyi z’ibyaha ziba zaraboshye ubugingo bwacu, mu kudushoboza kubaho mu kwera, mu kuducyaha iyo dukoze icyaha, n’ibindi. Nta n’umwe twakoreye muri iyi migisha. Dukizwa n’ubuntu kuva ku ntangiriro kugeza ku iherezo.
Nyamara dukurikije Ibyanditswe Byera, agakiza si “ubuntu,”gusa ahubwo ni no “ku bwo kwizera”: “Mwakijijwe n’ubuntu ku bwo kwizera” (Ef. 2:8a). Ibi byombi ni ngombwa kandi ntibivuguruzanya. Kugira ngo abantu bashobore gukizwa hagomba kubaho ubuntu no kwizera. Imana itugezaho ubuntu bwayo, na twe tukabwakira mu kwizera. Kwizera nyakuri kandi birazwi ko kujyana ku kumvira amategeko y’Imana. Nk’uko Yakobo yanditse mu gice cya kabiri cy’urwandiko rwe, kwizera kudafite imirimoo kuba gupfuye, ntacyo kumaze, kandi ntigushobora no gukiza umuntu (reba Yak. 2:14-26).[4]
Ikiriho cy’ukuri ni uko nta na rimwe ubuntu bw’Imana bwigeze bugira uwo buha uburenganzira bwo gukora ibyaha. Ahubwo ubuntu bw’Imana buha abantu amahirwe y’igihe runaka yo kugira ngo bihane kandi bavuke bwa kabiri. Nyuma y’urupfu nta mahirwe yo kwihana cyangwa kuvuka bwa kabiri aba acyongeye kuboneka, ni cyo gituma rero ubuntu bw’imana buba butakiboneka. Ubwo rero ubuntu bwayo bukiza ni ubw’igihe runaka gifite iherezo.
Umugore Yesu Yakirishije Ubuntu ku bwo Kwizera
(A Woman Whom Jesus Saved by Grace Through Faith)
Urugero rwiza rwo gukizwa n’ubuntu ku bwo kwizera turusanga mu nkuru ya Yesu na wa mugore bamuzaniye yafashwe asambana. Yesu yaramubwiye ati, “Nanjye singuciraho iteka[ubwo ni ubuntu, kuko ubundi yari akwiye gucirwaho iteka]; genda ntukongere gukora icyaha” (Yohana 8:11). Ubwo yari akwiriye gupfa, Yesu yaramuretse arigendera. Yaramurekuye ngo agende ariko aramwihanangiriza: Ntukongere gukora icyaha. Ibi ni byo Yesu abwira buri munyabyaha wese mu isi–“Singuciraho iteka. Ukwiriye gupfa ugacirwaho iteka rya gehinomu iteka ryose, ariko ndakwereka ubuntu bwanjye. Nyamara ubuntu bwanjye ntibuzahoraho, none ngaho ihane. Rekeraho gukora ibyaha, ubuntu bwanjye butararangira ukisanga uhagaze imbere y’intebe yanjye y’urubanza uri umunyabyaha utagira icyo wiregūza.”
Reka dutekereze ko wa mugore w’umusambanyikazi yagiye akihana nk’uko Yesu yamutegetse. Niba yarabikoze, yakijijwe n’ubuntu ku bwo kwizera. Yakijijwe n’ubuntu kuko iyo butaba ubuntu bw’Imana ntiyagakijijwe kuko yari umunyabyaha. Ntiyakigeze avuga bibaho ngo agakiza ke agakesha imirimo ye. Kandi yakijijwe ku bwo kwizera kuko yizeye Yesu akizera ibyo amubwiye, akumvira ibyo yamwihanangirije, kandi agahindukira akava mu byaha bye mbere y’uko igihe kimurengana. Umuntu wese ufite kwizera nyakuri muri Yesu arihana, kuko Yesu yihanangirije abantu avuga ko nibatihana bazarimbuka (reba Luka 13:3). Yesu kandi yatangarije ku mugaragaro ko abakora ibyo Data wo mu ijuru ashaka ari bo bonyine bazinjira mu ijuru (Mat. 7:21). Umuntu niyizera Yesu azizera kandi yumvire n’ibyo amwihanangiriza gukora.
Ariko noneho reka dufate ko wa mugore w’umusambanyikazi atihannye ibyaha bye. Yakomeje gukora ibyaha hanyuma aza gupfa ahagarara imbere y’intebe y’imanza ya Yesu. Tekereza abwira Yesu ati, “Oo Yesu! Ndishimye cyane kukubona! Ndibuka ukuntu utanciriyeho iteka ku bw’ibyaha byanjye igihe bakunzaniraga ukiri mu isi. Rwose uracyagira imbabazi nk’izo wari ufite cya gihe. Cya gihe ntiwanciriyeho iteka, rwose sincidikanya ko n’ubu utariburincireho!”
Urabitekerezaho iki? Mbese Yesu yamwakira mu ijuru? Igisubizo kirumvikana. Pawulo yakengesheje abantu ati, “Ntimwishuke. Abahehesi…cyangwa abasambanyi…ntibazaragwa ubwami bw’Imana” (1 Kor. 6:9-10).
Ibi byose birashaka kuvuga yuko ibyo Yesu asaba umuntu kuba yujuje kugira ngo abe umwigishwa nta bindi uretse kugira kwizera nyakuri muri we, bishatse kuvuga kwizera gukiza. Kandi umuntu wese ufite uko kwizera gukiza aba yarakijijwe n’ubuntu ku bwo kwizera. Ntaho muri Bibiliya wahēra uvuga ngo, kuko gukizwa ari ubuntu, ibyangombwa Yesu ategeka ko umuntu agomba kuba yujuje kugira ngo abe umwigishwa bihabanye n’ibyo ategeka kugira ngo umuntu ahabwe agakiza. Kuba umwigishwa si indi ntambwe abizera bajya mu ijuru batera babishatse batabishaka bakabireka; ahubwo, kuba umwigishwa ni ikimenyetso kigaragaza kwizera nyakuri gukiza.[5]
Ubwo bimeze bityo rero, kugira ngo umukozi w’Imana agere ku ntsinzi mu maso y’Imana, agomba gutangira mu buryo nyabwo umurimo wo guhindura abantu abigishwa, akabwiriza ubutumwa nyabwo, ahamagarira abantu kwizera gufatanyije no kumvira. Iyo abakozi b’Imana bakwiragiza inyigisho y’ibinyoma ngo kuba umwigishwa ni intambwe abizera bajya mu ijuru bashobora gutera cyangwa ntibayitere biturutse ku bushake bwabo, baba barwanya itegeko Kristo yatanze ryo guhindura abantu abigishwa kandi baba bamamaza ubuntu bw’ikinyoma n’ubutumwa bupfuye. Abigishwa nyakuri ba Kristo ni bo bonyine bafite kwizera gutanga agakiza kandi ni bo bonyine barimo bajya mu ijuru, nk’uko Yesu yasezeranyije ati: “Umuntu wese umbwira ati, “Mwami, Mwami,” si we uzinjira mu bwami bwo mu ijuru, keretse ukora ibyo Data wo mu ijuru ashaka” (Mat. 7:21).
Ubutumwa Bushya bw’Ibinyoma
(The New False Gospel)
Bitewe n’imyumvire ipfuye y’ubuntu bw’Imana, ubutumwa bwo muri iki gihe bwagiye bwamburwa kenshi na kenshi iby’ingenzi by’urufatiro rwa Bibiliya bakavuga ko bihabanye n’ubutumwa bw’ubuntu. Nyamara ubutumwa bw’ikinyoma nta kindi bubyara kitari abakristo b’ikinyoma/ingirwa-bakristo; ari cyo gituma umubare munini cyane w'”abakijijwe” bashya b’iki gihe uzasanga nta n’itorero babarizwamo nyuma y’ibyumweru bike gusa “bakiriye Kristo.” Byongeye kandi, abenshi mu bari mu matorero, akenshi ntiwabatandukanya n’abapagani batarakizwa, kuko usanga bafite imyumvire imwe banakora n’ibyaha bimwe n’ibya bagenzi babo batigeze bahinduka. Ibi biterwa n’uko baba batizera Umwami Yesu Kristo nyabyo kandi ntibaba barigeze mu by’ukuri bavuka ubwa kabiri.
Kimwe muri ibyo bintu by’ingenzi ubungubu cyakuwe mu butumwa bw’iki gihe ni uguhamagarira abantu kwihana. Abenshi mu bakozi b’Imana bumva ko nibabwira abantu kurekeraho gukora ibyaha (nk’uko Yesu yabigenje kuri wa mugore wari wafashwe asambana), ari kimwe no kubabwira ko agakiza atari ubuntu ko ahubwo ari ibikorwa. Ariko ibyo si byo, kuko Yohana Umubatiza, Yesu, Petero na Pawulo bose bamamazaga ko kwihana ari ngombwa cyane kugira ngo umuntu abone agakiza. Niba kubwiriza kwihana hari ukuntu bivuguruza ubuntu bw’Imana mu gakiza, ubwo rero Yohana Umubatiza, Yesu, Petero na Pawulo bose bavuguruje ubuntu bw’Imana mu gakiza. Nyamara bari basobanukiwe yuko ubuntu bw’imana butanga amahirwe y’igihe runaka cyo kugira ngo umuntu abashe kwihana ibyaha, atari amahirwe yo kugira ngo umuntu akomeze gukora ibyaha.
Urugero nk’igihe Yohana Umubatiza yamamazaga icyo Luka avuga ko ari “ubutumwa bwiza,” umutima w’ubwo butumwa wari ukwihana (reba Luka 3:1-18). Kandi abatihannye bagombaga kujya mu muriro utazima (reba Mat. 3:10-12; Luka 3:17).
Yesu yabwirije kwihana kuva agitangira umurimo we (reba Mat. 4:17). Yamenyesheje abantu ko nibatihana bazarimbuka (reba Luka 13:3, 5).
Igihe yesu yoherezaga abigishwa be cumi na babiri kubwiriza mu midugudu itandukanye, “Baragiye bigisha abantu ngo bihane” (Mariko 6:12).
Yesu amaze kuzuka yabwiye ba bigishwa be ngo bajye mu isi yose babwira abantu kwihana, kuko kwihana ari rwo rufunguzo rufungura umuryango wo kubabarirwa:
Maze arababwira ati, “Ni ko byanditswe ko Kristo akwiriye kubabazwa no kuzuka ku munsi wa gatatu, kandi ko kwihana no kubabarirwa ibyaha bikwiriye kubwirwa amahanga yose mu Izina rye, bahereye kuri Yerusalemu” (Luka 24:46-47).
Intumwa zumviye ibyo Yesu yategetse. Igihe Petero yabwirizaga ku munsi wa pantekote, abamwumvise bacumiswe mu mutima, bamaze kumenya ukuri ku by’Umuntu bari baherutse kubamba, basabye Petero ngo ababwire icyo bagomba gukora. Igisubizo yabahaye cyari uko, mbere na mbere, bagomba kwihana (reba Ibyakozwe 2:38).
Ubwa kabiri ubwo Petero yigishirizaga mu ruhame mu ibaraza rya Salomo, ubutumwa bwari bukubiyemo bwari bumwe. Ibyaha ntibishobora guhanagurwa hatabayeho kwihana:[6]
Nuko mwihane muhindukire, ibyaha byanyu bihanagurwe (Ibyakozwe 3:19a).
Igihe Pawulo yahamyaga imbere y’Umwami Agiripa, yavuze ko ubutumwa bwe bushingiye ku kwihana:
Mwami Agiripa, mpera ko sinanga kumvira ibyo neretswe byavuye mu ijuru. Ahubwo mbanza ab’i Damasiko, maze mbwira ab’i Yerusalemu n’abo mu gihugu cyose cy’i Yudaya n’abanyamahanga, mbabwiriza kwihana no guhindukirira Imana bakora imirimo ikwiriye abihannye (Ibyakozwe 26:19-20).
Muri Atenayi Pawulo yabwiye abari bamuteze amatwi yuko umuntu wese azahagarara imbere y’intebe y’imanza ya Kristo, kandi ko abatarihannye bazatungurwa batiteguye kuri uwo munsi ukomeye:
Nuko iyo minsi yo kujijwa Imana yarayirengagije, ariko noneho itegeka abantu bose bari hose kwihana, kuko yashyizeho umunsi wo guciraho urubanza rw’ukuri rw’abari mu isi bose, izarucisha umuntu yatoranije kandi ibyo yabihamirije abantu bose ubwo yamuzuye (Ibyakozwe 17:30-31).
Mu magambo ye asezera ku bakuru b’itorero rya Efeso, Pawulo yashyize ku rutonde rumwe kwihana no kwizera nk’ibintu by’ingenzi mu butumwa bwe:
Nta jambo nikenze kubabwira…imbere ya rubanda nahamirije Abayuda n’Abagiriki kwihana imbere y’Imana, no kwizera Umwami Yesu Kristo (Ibyak. 20:20a, 21).
Ibi bihamya byose by’Ibyanditswe Byera byakagombye kwemeza buri wese hatabayeho kwigisha akamaro ko kwihana ubutumwa bwiza nyakuri buba butabwirijwe.Ubusabane n’Imana butangirira ku kwihana.Iyo kwihana kutabayeho no kubabarirwa ibyaha ntikubaho.
Kwihana byahawe indi nsobanuro
(Repentance Redefined)
N’ubwo bwose hari ibyo bihamya byinshi by’ibyanditswe byera byerekana ko agakiza gaturuka ku kwihana, abakozi b’Imana bamwe baracyashakisha uburyo bwo guhindura ubusa akamaro ko kwihana, bakagoreka insobanuro yabyo nyayo kugira ngo bumvikanishe ko ihabanye n’imyumvire yabo ipfuye y’ubuntu bw’Imana. Mu misobanurire mishya yabo, kwihana si ikindi kitari uguhindura imyumvire ku byerekeranye na Yesu uwo ari we, kandi mu buryo butangaje, uko guhindura imyumvire bikaba atari ngombwa ko umuntu agira icyo ahindura ku myifatire ye.
None se ababwirizabutumwa bo mu Isezerano Rishya babaga bashaka iki iyo bahamagariraga abantu kwihana?Mbese kwari uguhamagarira abantu guhindura imyumvire yabo ku byerekeranye no kumenya Yesu uwo ari we, cyangwa bahamagariraga abantu guhindura ingeso zabo?
Pawulo yizeraga ko kwihana nyabyo bisaba guhindura imyifatire. Twamaze gusoma ubuhamya bwe ku bijyanye n’umurimo we yari amaze imyaka myinshi akora, igihe yahamirizaga imbere y’Umwami Agiripa,
Mwami Agiripa, mpera ko sinanga kumvira ibyo neretswe byavuye mu ijuru. Ahubwo mbanza ab’i Damasiko, maze mbwira ab’i Yerusalemu n’abo mu gihugu cyose cy’i Yudaya n’abanyamahanga, mbabwiriza kwihana no guhindukirira Imana bakora imirimo ikwiriye abihannye (Ibyakozwe 26:19-20).
Yohana Umubatiza na we yumvaga ko kwihana birenze guhindura gusa imyumvire y’ibintu bimwe na bimwe byo muri tewologiya. Igihe abamwumvaga bari bamaze gutsindwa n’urubanza bakitaba umuhamagaro we abahamagarira kwihana bamubajije icyo bakora, yababwiye ibintu runaka bagomba guhindura mu myifatire yabo (reba Luka 3:3, 10-14). Yaneguye Abafarisayo n’Abasadukayo abanenga ko bihana by’umugenzo gusa, anababurira ko niba batihannye by’ukuri ibirimi by’umuriro wa gehinomu bizabarigata:
Mwa bana b’incira mwe, ni nde wababuriye ngo muhunge umujinya uzatera?Nuko mwere imbuto zikwiriye abihannye….Ndetse ubu intorezo igezwe ku bishyitsi by’ibiti; nuko igiti cyose kitera imbuto nziza kizacibwa kijugunywe mu muriro (Mat. 3:7-10).
Yesu na we kimwe na Yohana yabwirije ubutumwa bwo kwihana (reba Mat. 3:2; 4:17). Yigeze kuvuga ko Ab’i Nineve bihannye bumvise ubutumwa bwa Yona (reba Luka 11:32). Uwigeze gusoma igitabo cya Yona wese azi ko abantu b’i Nineve bakoze ibirenze guhindura imyumvire yabo.Bahinduye n’ibikorwa byabo, barahindukira bava mu byaha.Ibyo Yesu yabyise kwihana.
Kwihana Bibiliya ivuga ni uguhitamo bivuye ku mutima guhindura imyifatire umuntu akurikije kwizera nyakuri kwavutse mu mutima we. Iyo umukozi w’Imana abwiriza ubutumwa atavuga ko guhindura imyifatire rwose ari ngombwa kandi ari nabyo bihamya kwihana nyako, mu by’ukuri aba arwanya ikifuzo cya Kristo cyo kugira abigishwa. Ikindi kandi aba ayobya abamwumva abemeza ko bashobora gukizwa batagombye kwihana, bityo akaba abajyana mu irimbukiro iyo bamwemeye. Aba arwanya Imana ahubwo arwanirira Satani,yabimenya cyangwa atabimenya.
Niba umukozi w’Imana ashaka guhindura abantu abigishwa nk’uko Yesu yategetse, agomba gutangira mu buryo nyabwo.Iyo atabwiriza ubutumwa nyakuri buhamagarira abantu kwihana no kugira kugira kwizera kurimo kumvira, byanze bikunze biba byamunaniye, n’ubwo ku bigaragarira amaso y’abantu yaba ameze nk’uwashyikiriye intsinzi cyane.Ashobora kuba afite n’itorero ry’abantu benshi ariko arimo yubakisha ibiti, ibyatsi cyangwa ibikenyeri, kandi igihe imirimo ye izasuzumishwa umuriro agaciro kayo kazagaragara. Iyo mirimo izakongoka (reba 1 Kor. 3:12-15).
Yesu Ahamagarira Abantu Kumaramaza
(Jesus’ Calls to Commitment)
Ntabwo Yesu yahamagariraga gusa abapagani kuva mu byaha, ahubwo yanabahamagariraga kugira ngo bahere ko bafata icyemezo cyo kumuyoboka no kumwumvira.Ntabwo yigeze yemera kuba yatanga agakiza ku muntu utujuje ibyo nk’uko bikunze gukorwa muri iyi minsi. Ntiyigeze na rimwe ahamagarira abantu kuza “kumwakira”, abasezeranya kubababarira, hanyuma ngo azabe ababwira nyuma kuba bakwiyemeza kumwumvira babonye ari ngombwa. Oya, Yesu yategetse ko intambwe ya mbere umuntu agomba gutera igomba kuba intambwe yo kwitanga amaramaje.
Ikibabaje ni uko uko guhamagara kwa Yesu ahamagarira abantu kwitanga bamaramaje akenshi kwirengangizwa n’abitwa ko ari abakristo. Cyangwa se n’iyo kutirengagijwe, gusobanurwa nk’aho ari uguhamagarira abantu kugira ubusabane burushijeho ariko ugasanga ibyo bitareba abatarakizwa ahubwo ngo ni iby’abamaze kwakira ubuntu bw’Imana bukiza. Nyamara kandi abenshi muri abo “bizera” bavuga ko ibyo byo kwitanga ukamaramaza ari bo babihamagarirwa atari abatarakizwa ntibumvira uko guhamagarwa nk’uko basobanura ko ari bo bireba. Mu mitekerereze yabo, bumva bafite uburenganzira bwo kubikora cyangwa kutabikora, kandi rero nyine bahitamo kutabikora.
Reka turebe amwe mu magambo ya Yesu ahamagarira abantu gukizwa, ari byo bakunze gusobanura bavuga ko yahamagariraga abantu gutera indi ntambwe bakitanga birushijeho, nuko bakavuga ko yabibwiraga abamaze gukizwa:
Ahamagara [Yesu] abantu n’abigishwa be arababwira ati, “Umuntu nashaka kunkurikira niyiyange, yikorere umusaraba we ankurikire, kuko ushaka kurengera ubugingo bwe azabubura, kandi utita ku bugingo bwe ku bwanjye no ku bw’ubutumwa bwiza azabukiza.Kandi umuntu byamumarira iki gutunga ibintu byose byo mu isi, niyakwa ubugingo bwe?Mbese umuntu yatanga iki ngo acungure ubugingo bwe? Umuntu wese ugira isoni zo kunyemera no kwemera amagambo yanjye muri iki gihe cy’ubusambanyi kandi kibi, Umwana w’umuntu na we azagira isoni zo kumwemera, ubwo azazana n’abamarayika bera afite ubwiza bwa Se” (Mariko 8:34-38).
Mbese aba ni abatizera bahamagarirwa agakiza cyangwa ni abizera bahamagarirwa gutera indi ntambwe mu busabane bwabo n’Imana?Iyo dusomanye ubunyangamugayo igisubizo kiragaragara.
Mbere na mbere urabona ko abo bantu Yesu yabwiraga bari “abantu benshi hamwe n’abigishwa be” (umurongo wa 34). Birumvikana ko “abantu benshi” batari abigishwa be. Mu by’ukuri ni we wari “ubahamagariye” kugira ngo bumve ibyo agiye kuvuga. Yesu yashakaga ko buri wese, ari abayoboke ari n’abashakisha ukuri, yumva ibanga yendaga kubigisha. Uranareba ko yakomeje avuga ati, “umuntu uwo ari we wese niba ashaka” (umurongo wa 34).Aya magambo ye agenewe buri wese n’umuntu uwo ari we wese.
Iyo dukomeje gusoma, tugenda turushaho gusobanukirwa abo Yesu yabwiraga abo ari bo. By’umwihariko aya magambo yayabwiraga umuntu wese ushaka (1) “kumukurikira”, (2) “gukiza ubugingo bwe,” (3) “kutanyagwa ubugingo bwe,” no (4) kuba mu bo atazagirira isoni ubwo “azazana n’abamarayika bera afite ubwiza bwa Se.” Izi mvugo zose uko ari enye zirerekana ko Yesu yavugaga abantu bashaka gukizwa. Mbese twatekereza ko hari umuntu ujya mu ijuru udashaka “gukurikira” Yesu no “gukiza ubugingo bwe”? Mbese twavuga ko hari abizera nyakuri “bazanyagwa ubugingo bwabo,” bagira isoni zo kwemera Yesu no kwemera amagambo ye, kandi Yesu na we akazagira isoni zo kubemera ubwo azagaruka? Birumvikana ko muri ibi byanditswe Yesu yavugaga ibyo kubona ubugingo buhoraho.
Urabona ko izi nteruro enye za nyuma muri eshanu zigize iki gice zitangizwa n’ijambo ngo “Kuko.” Ni ukuvuga ko buri nteruro ifasha mu gusobanura no kwagura kurushaho interuro iyibanjirije.Nta nteruro n’imwe muri izi igomba gusobanurwa hatitawe ku kureba uko izindi zivuga.Reka rero noneho muri ubwo buryo turebe amagambo ya Yesu interuro ku yindi.
Interuro ya 1
(Sentence #1)
Umuntu nashaka kunkurikira niyiyange,yikorere umusaraba we ankurikire (Mariko 8:34).
Na none urabona ko aya magambo ya Yesu yabwirwaga umuntu wese ushaka kumukurikira, uwo ari we wese ushaka kuba umuyoboke we. Ubu ni bwo busabane mbere na mbere Yesu ashaka–kuba umuyoboke we.
Benshi bashaka kuba incuti ze ariko ntibabe abayoboke be, nyamara bene ibyo ntibibaho.Nta muntu n’umwe Yesu yita incuti ye kandi atamwumvira.Hari ubwo yavuze ati, “Muri incuti zanjye, nimukora ibyo mbategeka” (Yohana 15:14).
Benshi bifuza kuba baba abavandimwe be nyamara batari abayoboke be, ariko na none ibyo Yesu ntiyabyemeye. Nta n’umwe yitaga umuvandimwe we atari umwumvira: “Umuntu wese ukora ibyo data w mu ijuru ashaka, ni we mwene data” (Mat. 12:50).
Benshi bifuza kuzabana na Yesu mu ijuru ariko ntibashake kuba abayoboke be, ariko Yesu yavuze ko ibyo bidashoboka. Keretse abumvira ni bo bazaragwa ijuru: “Umuntu wese umbwira ati, ‘Mwami, Mwami,’ si we uzinjira mu bwami bwo mu ijuru, keretse ukora ibyo Data wo mu ijuru ashaka” (Mat. 7:21).
Muri iyi nteruro turiho twiga, Yesu yamenyesheje abifuzaga kumukurikira ko batashobora kumukurikira keretse biyanze.Bagomba gushyira ku ruhande ibindi byifuzo byabo bwite bikajya munsi y’ubushake bwe. Kwiyanga no kuganduka ni zo nkingi zo gukurikira Yesu. “Kwikorera umusaraba” ni cyo bisobanuye.
Interuro ya 2
(Sentence #2)
Interuro ya kabiri ya Yesu ni yo ituma iya mbere isobanuka kurushaho:
Kuko ushaka kurengera ubugingo bwe azabubura,kandi utita ku bugingo bwe ku bwanjye no ku bw’ubutumwa bwiza azabukiza (Mariko 8:35).
Na none urabona ko iyi nteruro itangirwa na “Kuko,” biyihuza n’interuro ya mbere, ariko bigasobanuka kurushaho. Aha Yesu arerekana itandukaniro riri hagati y’abantu babiri bavugwa mu nteruro ya mbere–wa wundi uziyanga akikorera umusaraba we akamukurikira na wa wundi utazabikora. Noneho baratandukanijwe;uzemera kubura ubungingo bwe ku bwa Kristo no ku bw’ubutumwa bwiza n’utazabyemera. Turebye isano riri hagati y’abo bantu bombi, wa wundi wo mu nteruro ya mbere utaziyanga, dusanga ari we ushaka gukiza ubugingo bwe mu nteruro ya kabiri ariko akabubura. Hanyuma wa wundi wo mu nteruro ya mbere wemera kwiyanga dusanga ari we mu nteruro ya kabiri ubura ubugingo bwe nyamara akabukiza.
Yesu ntiyavugaga ko umuntu agomba kubura ubugingo bwe cyangwa kubukiza mu buryo busanzwe bw’umubiri. Interuro zikurikiraho muri iki gice zerekana ko guhomba cyangwa kunguka ubuzima bw’iteka ari byo Yesu yari afite mu mutwe. Amagambo asa n’ayo Yesu yavuze muri Yohana 12:25 aravuga ngo, “Ukunda ubugingo bwe arabubura, ariko uwanga ubugingo bwe muri iyi si, azaburinda ageze ku bugingo buhoraho”.
Wa muntu mu nteruro ya mbere utiyanga ni we mu nteruro ya kabiri ushaka gukiza ubugingo bwe. Ubwo rero dushobora gufata umwanzuro ko “umuntu gukiza ubugingo bwe” bisobanura “kurengera inyungu za gahunda ze bwite mu bugingo bwe.” Ibi binasobanuka kurushaho iyo turebye wa wundi we wemera “kubura ubugingo bwe ku bwa kristo no ku bw’ubutumwa bwiza.” Ni wa wundi wiyanga akikorera umusaraba we, gahunda ze akazifasha hasi, agasigara abereyeho gusohoza imigambi ya Kristo no gukwiza ubutumwa bwiza.Ni we amaherezo “uzakiza ubugingo bwe.” Umuntu uhirimbanira kunezeza Kristo aho kwinezeza, amaherezo azanezererwa mu ijuru, igihe wa wundi uhora ashaka kwishimisha azisanga mu marira muri gehinomu, aho azaba atagifite umudendezo wo gukora ibyo yishakiye.
Interuro ya 3 n’iya 4
(Sentences #3 & 4)
Noneho turebe interuro ya gatatu n’iya kane:
Kandi umuntu byamumarira iki gutunga ibintu byose byo mu isi, niyakwa ubugingo bwe?Mbese umuntu yatanga iki ngo acungure ubugingo bwe? (Mariko 8:36-37).
Aha umuntu uvugwaho cyane ni wa wundi udashaka kwiyanga. Ni na we kandi ushaka gukiza ubugingo bwe ariko amaherezo akabubura.Noneho hano aravugwa nk’uwiruka inyuma y’ubutunzi bw’isi ariko akaza “kunyagwa ubugingo bwe”.Yesu aragaragaza ubugoryi bw’umuntu nk’uwo, agereranya agaciro k’isi yose n’ak’ubugingo bw’umuntu. Birumvikana ko atari ibyo kugereranywa. Umuntu ashobora kwibwira ko yageze ku butunzi bw’isi bwose, ariko niba amaherezo ingaruka yabyo ku bugingo bwe ari ukuzaba iteka ryose mu muriro utazima, aba yibeshye ku buryo bukomeye cyane.
Muri izi nteruro kandi iya gatatu n’iya kane,tunasobanukirwa ikibuza abantu kwiyanga ngo bakurikire Kristo.Ni ugushaka kwishimisha mu by’isi.Basunitswe no kwikunda, ba bandi banga gukurikira Kristo bigira mu binezeza by’ibyaha, ari byo abayoboke nyakuri ba Kristo bazibukira bakabisimbuza kumukunda no kumwumvira. Abagerageza kunguka iby’isi byose, bakurikirana ubutunzi, gukomera n’icyubahiro, naho abayoboke nyakuri ba Kristo mbere na mbere bashaka Ubwami bwe no Gukiranuka kwe. Ubutunzi bwose, cyangwa imbaraga no kwamamara babonye bumva ko ari ibyo Imana ibabikije kugira ngo babikoreshe batishimisha ubwabo ahubwo bayihesha icyubahiro.
Interuro ya 5
(Sentence #5)
Noneho tugeze ku nteruro ya gatanu muri iki gice twigaho.Na none reba ukuntu ifatanyijwe n’izindi hakoreshejwe ijambo, kuko:
Kuko umuntu wese ugira isoni zo kunyemera no kwemera amagambo yanjye muri iki gihe cy’ubusambanyi kandi kibi, Umwana w’umuntu na we azagira isoni zo kumwemera, ubwo azazana n’abamarayika be afite ubwiza bwa se (Mariko 8:38).
Uyu na none ni wa wundi udashaka kwiyanga, ahubwo agashaka kwikurikirira inama z’umutima we, yiruka inyuma y’iby’isi, hanyuma amaherezo akabura ubugingo bwe, akabwakwa. Noneho aravugwa nk’utewe isoni na Kristo n’amagambo ye. Isoni ze birumvikana ko zituruka ku kutizera kwe. Yakabaye yarizeye ko Yesu ari Umwana w’Imana koko ntiyakamugiriye isoni cyangwa ngo azigirire amagambo ye. Ariko ni umwe “wo mu bantu b’igihe cy’abasambanyi kandi kibi,” kandi Yesu nagaruka azamugirira isoni. Biragaragara ko Yesu aha atavugaga umuntu wakijijwe.
Ibi byose birashaka kuvuga iki?Iki gice cyose ntabwo wavuga mu by’ukuri ko ari icyo guhamagarira abantu bari mu nzira ijya mu ijuru kongera gutera indi ntambwe yo kumaramaza kurushaho. Biragaragara ko ari uburyo bwo guhishura inzira y’agakiza mu kugereranya abakijijwe nyakuri n’abatarakizwa.Abakijijwe nyabyo bizera Umwami Yesu Kristo kandi bakemera kwiyanga ku bwe, naho abatarakizwa ntibagira uko kwizera gutuma bumvira.
Ukundi guhamagarira abantu kumaramaza
(Another Call to Commitment)
Hari henshi twareba herekeranye n’uko guhamagara, ariko reka turebe ahandi hamwe Umwami Yesu Kristo ahamagara abantu kandi si ikindi abahamagarira uretse agakiza:
Mwese abarushye n’abaremerewe, nimuze munsange ndabaruhura.Mwemere kuba abagaragu banjye munyigireho, kuko ndi umugwaneza kandi noroheje mu mutima, namwe muzabona uburuhukiro mu mitima yanyu, kuko kunkorera kutaruhije, n’umutwaro wanjye utaremereye(Mat. 11:28-30).
Ababwirizabutumwa bakunze gukoresha iki cyanditswe bahamagarira abantu kwakira agakiza, kandi babikora neza.Birumvikana ko aya magambo ahamagarira abantu agakiza. Hano Yesu aratanga uburuhukiro bw’imitima ku “barushye n’abaremerewe.” Ntabwo ari ikiruhuko cy’umubiri ku bantu baruhijwe n’imitwaro bikoreye mu buryo busanzwe bw’umubiri, ahubwo ni uburuhukiro bw’imitima yabo, nk’uko abivuga. Abantu badakijijwe baba batsikamiwe hasi n’umutima ubashinja ibyaha, ubwoba n’ibyaha, hanyuma iyo bamaze kunanirwa baremerewe na byo, baba bageze igihe nyacyo cyo kwakira agakiza.
Iyo abantu nk’abo bakeneye kubona uburuhukiro Yesu atanga, abasaba gukora ibintu bibiri.Bagomba (1) kumusanga kandi (2), bagomba kwemera kuba abagaragu be/kwikorera umutwaro we.
Ba bigisha b’ibinyoma bavuga ko gukizwa ari ubuntu gusa, kenshi bakunze kugoreka insobanuro nyayo y’aya magambo “kuba abagaragu ba Yesu (“taking Jesus’ yoke).” Bamwe bavuga ko rwose Yesu aha yavugaga ku mutwaro ashobora kuba yari afite ku bitugu bye, ngo ari cyo gituma yawitaga “Umutwaro we.” Kandi ngo Yesu agomba kuba yarimo avuga umutwaro/ingata irimo ebyiri (double-yoke)ngo yari izingurije ku ijosi rye, ngo iyo atikoreza muri izo ebyiri yari idutegereje ngo natwe tuyigendane ku ijosi. Nyamara dukwiye kumva ko Yesu asezeranya kuba ari we wikorera umutwaro kuko yavuze ngo kumukorera ntikuruhije n’umutwaro we nturemereye. Ubwo rero ngo akazi kacu twebwe, nk’uko abigisha nk’abo babivuga, ni ukuguma dufatanye na Yesu mu kwizera, kugira ngo ashobore kudukorera imirimo yose ku birebana n’agakiza kacu, twebwe tukigaramira tukanezererwa ibyiza byose aduhera mu buntu bwe! Iyo nsobanuro birumvikana ko ari ukuremangatanya amagambo.
Oya, ubwo Yesu yavugaga ngo abarushye ni baze bemere kuba abagaragu be, yavugaga ko bakwiye kumugandukira, bakamugira shebuja wabo, akayobora ubugingo bwabo. Ni cyo gituma Yesu yavuze ngo twemere kuba abagaragu be hanyuma kandi ngo tumwigireho. Abantu badakijijwe ni nk’imfizi z’ishyamba zigenga zijya aho zishaka ziyobora. Iyo zikuruwe n’ibiziriko bya Yesu, ni we uziyobora noneho aho zijya. Kandi impamvu gukorera Yesu bitaruhije n’umutwaro we nturemere ni uko adushoboza kumwumvira ku bw’imbaraga z’Umwuka Wera uba muri twe.
Na none rero turabona ko Yesu yahamagariraga abantu agakiza, ahangaha karashushanywa n’uburuhukiro bw’abarushye, agahamagarira abantu kumucira bugufi bakamwumvira bakamugira Umwami wabo.
Muri make
(In Summary)
Ibi byose birashaka kuvuga ko umukozi w’Imana nyakuri wageze ku ntego ari uwumvira itegeko rya Yesu ryo guhindura abantu abigishwa, kandi akaba azi ko kwihana, kwiyegurira Imana no kuba umwigishwa atari ibintu umuntu akora abishatse yaba atabishatse akabireka ku bizera bajya mu ijuru. Ahubwo ibyo ni byo bimenyetso nyakuri byerekana kwizera gukiza.Nuko rero, umukozi w’Imana ugera ku ntego abwiriza abatarakizwa ubutumwa bwiza bwa Bibiliya. Ahamagarira abatarakizwa kwihana no gukurikira Yesu, kandi abataramaramaje ntabizeza ko bakijijwe.
[1] Iyi nsobanuro ituruka ku byo twamaze gusoma muri Matayo 28:18-20, Yohana 8:31-32; 13:25, 15:8 na Luka 14:25-33.
[2] Ijambo Abigishwa urisanga mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe 6:1, 2, 7; 9:1, 10, 19, 25, 26, 36, 38; 11:26, 29; 13:52; 14:20, 21, 22, 28; 15:10; 16:1; 18:23, 27; 19:1, 9, 30; 20:1, 30; 21:4, 16. Abizera riboneka gusa mu Ibyakozwe 5:14; 10:45 na 16:1. Urugero nko mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe n’Intumwa 14:21, Luka yaranditse ati, “Bamaze [Pawulo na Barinaba] kubwira abantu ubutumwa bwiza muri uwo mudugudu no guhindura benshi abigishwa…” Turabona rero ko Pawulo na Barinaba bahinduraga abantu abigishwa mu kubabwiriza ubutumwa bwiza, kandi abantu babaga abigishwa bakimara gukizwa ako kanya, ntabwo ari ikindi gihe bazashakira nyuma.
[3] Iki gice cy’ibyanditswe kiranashyira ahabona imikorere ipfuye y’iki gihe yo kwizeza abamaze kwizera ko bahawe agakiza byarangiye. Yesu ntiyijeje abo bashya bari bizeye ko bamaze gukizwa nta gushidikanya ngo ni uko basenze agasengesho kagufi ko kumwakira cyangwa ngo kuko batuye ko bamwizeye. Ahubwo yabakanguriye kureba neza niba kwatura kwabo ari uk’ukuri. Twakagombye gukurikiza urugero rwe.
[4] Byongeye kandi, mu buryo buhabanye n’abavuga ko dukizwa no kwizera n’ubwo nta mirimo twaba dufite, Yakobo avuga ko tudashobora gukizwa no kwizera konyine: “Mubonye yuko umuntu atsindishirizwa n’imirimo, adatsindishirizwa no kwizera gusa.” Kwizera nyakuri ntikujya kuba konyine; iteka guherekezwa n’imirimo.
[5] Ni na byiza kandi kugumana mu bitekerezo ko impamvu Pawulo kenshi yakundaga gutsindagira ko agakiza ari ubuntu atari ibikorwa ari ukubera ko yahoraga ahanganye n’abantu babaswe n’amategeko bo mu gihe cye. Pawulo ntiyageragezaga gukosora abigishaga ko gukiranuka no kwera ari ngombwa kugira ngo ujye mu ijuru, kuko na we ubwe ari ko yizeraga ndetse akanabitsindagira cyane kenshi yigisha. Ahubwo yanditse ashaka gukosora Abayuda batagiraga igitekerezo cy’ubuntu bw’Imana mu by’agakiza, bityo bakaba batarabonaga impamvu n’imwe yagatumye Yesu agomba gupfa. Abenshi ntibumvaga ko Abanyamahanga bashobora gukizwa kuko nta gitekerezo cy’ubuntu bw’Imana bagiraga cyatuma bumva ko abo banyamahanga bakizwa. Abenshi bibwiraga ko gukebwa, ibisokuruza bakomokamo, cyangwa gukurikiza amategeko (kandi ntibabishoboraga) ari byo bihesha agakiza, bityo bagahindura ubusa ubuntu bw’Imana n’icyatumye Kristo apfa.
[6] Na none, Imana yahishuriraga Petero ko Abanyamahanga bashobora gukizwa bizeye Yesu gusa, Petero yabwiye abo mu rugo kwa Koruneliyo ati, “Ni ukuri menye yuko Imana itarobanura ku butoni, ahubwo mu mahanga yose uyubaha agakora ibyo gukiranuka iramwemera” (Ibyakozwe 10:34b-35). Petero kandi yavuze mu Ibyakozwe 5:32 ko Imana yahaye Umwuka Wera “abayumvira.” Abakristo bose nyakuri Umwuka Wera abaturamo (reba Rom. 8:9; Gal. 4:6).